不容忽視的聲音──初探台灣女性工業設計師的求學與就業

Voices Can Not Be Ignored A Preliminary Study on the Education and Employment of Woman Industrial Designers in Taiwan

產品設計/工業設計被視為是一個陽剛、男性主導的專業領域。過去不論在國際間或在台灣，女性在產品設計/工業設計專業領域的參與明顯不足。時到今日，台灣就讀工業設計相關學系的女學生比例，已然超過了半數，瞭解工設女學生畢業後從事哪些設計的相關工作，又面臨了哪些難題尤顯重要。相較於研究女性參與工藝、建築、室內設計等設計相關專業，探討有關女性在產品/工業設計領域的研究為數不多，國內外皆然。本文是有關女性在工業設計領域生涯發展的先期研究，初探台灣女性工業設計專業人員求學及就業情形的相關議題。本研究以一對一方式，深度訪談了20位台灣女性工業設計專業人士，分別來自企業設計部門、設計公司、個人工作室、設計推廣單位、及教育界等不同的組織型態，探討台灣女性工業設計專業人員的求學及就業情形。訪談結果依下列5個面向歸納整理：1）選擇就讀工設及現職的原因，2）求學及職場的男女比例，3）工作內涵與知能要求，4）上下班時間、加班及出差頻率等工作型態，5）面臨的困難與調適。本研究發現不僅可供設計教育及實務界參考，作為培育女性工設人才、協助就業輔導就業之用，亦是後續進行女性在工業設計領域生涯發展研究的基礎。

Product/industrial design has been regarded as a masculine and male-dominated profession, and females have not been active in the field in the past. In the past decade, the number of females studying industrial design (ID) has increased dramatically and has reached to more than a half in Taiwan. It is especially important to understand what design work female ID students are engaged in after graduation and what problems they face. Compared with the research on women's participation in design-related majors such as crafts, architecture, interior design, etc., there are few studies on women in the product/industrial design field both in Taiwan and abroad. The authors conducted a series of studies on woman industrial designers’ career development. This article mainly focuses on woman industrial designers’ study and employment in Taiwan. The authors interviewed twenty women who were industrial design educated and now work within enterprise departments, design firms, design promotion institutes, personal studios, or the academia, etc. Semi-structured depth interviews were conducted to disclose those female industrial design workers’ development and difficulties during their career. Based on the transcripts, the findings were summarized as the following aspects: 1) reasons for majoring in industrial design and choosing current jobs; 2) proportion of female ID in class and workplace; 3) work contents and required qualifications for current jobs; 4) working hours, and frequency of overtime and travel; 5) difficulties and adjustment. The outcomes of this study would provide a reference to educate and guide female industrial design talents for their employment and career planning.