高中職學生的父母親情感支持、情緒智力與主觀幸福感之關係：中介效果的分析

Relationships among Parental Emotional Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Subjective Well-Being of High School Students: A Mediating Effect Analysis

父母的情感支持、情緒智力與主觀幸福感三者是影響個體身心發展的重要因素，對高中職學生亦然。而從文獻分析結果，本研究提出「情緒智力在情感支持與主觀幸福感之間具有中介效果」的假設。為驗證假設，本研究修改之前所發表的相關問卷，採驗證性因素分析，結果顯示父母的情感支持、情緒智力與主觀幸福感等三份問卷的具有符合標準的組合信度、平均變異萃取量與區別效度。因此，對918位高中職學生施測。問卷回收後，採結構方程模式，分析情緒智力在父親與母親的情感支持與主觀幸福感之間的中介效果。本研究先以Amos軟體分析，然其整體適切指標的數據顯示模式不適切，而常態性評估的多變量達顯著，表示所蒐集的資料非常態分配，因此以不受常態分配限制且用於發展論的Smart PLS 3.0統計軟體處理之。結果顯示，所提的中介模式的測量與結構模式都適切。且結果顯示：父親或母親的情感支持與高中職學生主觀幸福感、情緒智力之徑路係數達顯著正向相關。再者，高中職學生情緒智力與主觀幸福感之徑路係數也有顯著正相關。最後，高中職學生的情緒智力，在父或母親的情感支持與主觀幸福感間都具有中介效果之假設也獲得支持。就此發現，提出父母親應多採用情感支持，以增進孩子的情緒智力與主觀幸福感；高中職生也應培養自己的情緒智力等建議，同時未來研究與研究限制也一併討論。

Parental emotional support, emotional intelligence, and subjective well-being are critical factors that affect the physical and mental development of high school students. Parenting style can determine adaptability, and affectionate parenting is conducive to emotional development. Children are more likely to develop high levels of emotional intelligence if their family members can satisfy their psychological needs and provide sufficient emotional support. Emotional intelligence is not innate; rather, it is an intrapersonal skill that can be cultivated. Furthermore, the literature has revealed that parental emotional support influences the emotional intelligence of children, which affects their subjective well-being. Thus, emotional intelligence can mediate the relationship between parental emotional support and subjective well-being. The researchers searched for the keywords ''parental emotional support,'' ''emotional intelligence,'' and ''subjective well-being'' in Chinese-language literature databases, such as Airiti Library and Chinese language version of Google Scholar. The results indicated that no studies had analyzed the aforementioned mediating effect of emotional intelligence. The following hypothesis was proposed: The emotional intelligence of high school students would mediate the relationship between parental emotional support and subjective well-being. The purpose of this study was to verify the mediating effect of emotional intelligence and to address research gaps.