公私的張力：重探安妮‧法蘭克的日記

Public-Private Tensions: Anne Frank's Diary Reconsidered

作為重要史料，安妮．法蘭克於二戰躲避納粹大屠殺期間撰寫，並於戰後由其父親奧圖．法蘭克編輯出版的日記，已有許多學術討論，本論文以新的角度探討公私張力的互相拉扯如何展現在日記編輯過程及安妮．法蘭克的藏匿經驗。關於前者，本論文比較日記的A、B、C三個版本，關於後者，本論文以德賽托的日常生活理論分析。本論文主張公私張力為了解安妮．法蘭克日記的關鍵，日記三版本的差異主要在於作者青少年發展的段落，安妮．法蘭克不欲彰顯──但奧圖．法蘭克卻強調──日記作者的青少年身分。為求生，藏匿者只能與納粹鬥智，想出維持日常生活運作的生存戰術。

My paper considers public-private tensions in relation to Anne Frank's diary. To escape Hitler's genocide of Jews during the Second World War, Anne Frank, her German Jewish family, and four other Jews hid in a secret annex in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. These eight were eventually arrested by the Nazis and sent to concentration camps, with Anne's father, Otto Frank, the sole survivor. After the war, he edited and published the diary Anne had kept while in hiding. An important historical document, the diary has received much scholarly attention. This paper takes new approaches to exploring the public-private tensions involved in the diary's editorial history and Anne's fugitive experience. I compare three versions of the diary, focusing specifically on passages present in version A (Anne's original writing), absent in version B (her self-edited version), and reinstated in version C (Otto's edited version), i.e., Anne's de-emphasis of her adolescent development, which Otto considered essential elements of the narrative. I draw on Michel de Certeau's theory of everyday life for textual analysis to argue that public-private tensions are key to understanding the diary and offer new insights into it (inter)textually and theoretically.