重要他人回饋影響創意生活經驗？：以模式競爭方式檢驗創意自我效能與創意動機的中介效果

Do Significant Others' Feedback Influence one's Creative Behavior?--Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Creativity Self-Efficacy and Creativity Motivation Mediation Effect

本研究嘗試以社會認知理論為基礎，建構創意生活經驗的產生歷程模式，其中包含五個變項：重要他人回饋、個體內在心理歷程（含創意內、外在動機及創意自我效能）與創意生活經驗，研究的樣本取自台灣北部六所大學學生，有效樣本636份。除呈現描述性統計、差異性檢定並結合IRT分析方式與結構方程模式的優勢進行模式檢驗。結果發現：1.模式比較結果發現創意自我效能在動機變項之前的模式較佳。2.重要他人正面回饋對於創意自我效能與創意外在動機均具有正面的影響效果，但是對於創意內在動機則不具影響性。3.個體知覺重要他人正面回饋透過創意自我效能、創意內、外在動機等中介變項對於創意生活經驗具有正面影響效果，其中以個體的創意自我效能對創意生活經驗的預測力較強。最後提出若干建議供未來研究與教學實務參考。

This study aimed to construct a model of significant others’ feedback， inner process， and creative behavior based on social cognitive theory， and explored the role of creative self-efficacy in one’s inner process. Participants were 636 undergraduates from six universities in Northern Taiwan. The results were analyzed using three methods. First， we compared Model 1 (- creative self-efficacy influencing intrinsic motivation and， extrinsic motivation) and Model 2 (- creative self-efficacy， intrinsic motivation， extrinsic motivation were parallel). The result indicated that Model 1 is a better fit with data than Model 2， which supported social cognitive theory. Second， the result showed that positive feedback was directly predictive of creative self-efficacy and extrinsic motivation， as suggested by hypothesis suggested ， but not predictive of intrinsic motivation. Third， people perceived positive feedback and negative feedback from their significant others， though could not directly predict creative behavior; they displayed indirect effect on creative behavior through mediated variables. Therefore， it seems reasonable to conclude that when individuals receive feedback， one often evaluates the task and feedback. Then the evaluation outcomes that we called creative self-efficacy will affect one’s motivation which in turn affects creative behavior. Based on these results， recommendations for future research are discussed.