研究資料權利保護與運用之法制研析

An Analysis of Protecting and Using the Right of Research Data

研究資料、尤其是受政府資助研究活動所產出者，近年在政策上被視為應致力於推動開放的對象。因此在資料運用相關權利方面，各國亦陸續提出各種法規或機制的調整方向，以在促進研究資料流通、與既有權利保護的規範間取得平衡。基本上，研究資料可區分為取得著作權、以及未取得著作權的兩種類型。構成著作權的研究資料，因應近年資料探勘的需求，得考量於著作權法上合理使用的範圍外，另行訂定資料探勘的例外條款，讓資料使用人不須另行取得著作權人授權。針對不具著作權的研究資料，可提供標準授權條款。一方面減少個別契約磋商的成本，提升開放共享研究資料的誘因；另外透過標準授權條款，建立研究資料授權利用框架的一致性，避免不同當事人間授權條件相互衝突的問題。

"Research data, especially those produced by government-funded, have been regarded as targets that should be committed to opening and sharing in recent years. Therefore, in terms of rights related to the use of data, countries have successively proposed directions for amending various regulations or mechanisms to strike a balance between the promotion of research data flo and the protection of existing rights. Basically, research data can be divided into two types: those with copyright and those without copyright. For research data with copyright, in response to the needs of data mining, it is necessary to consider the escape clause for data mining in the Copyright Act, so that data users do not need to obtain the license from the copyright owner. For non-copyrighted research data, the government can adopt standard licenses. On the one hand, it reduces the cost of individual contract negotiation and enhances the incentives for sharing research data; on the other hand, it establishes the consistency of the framework of research data licenses through standard licenses, and avoids the problem of conflicting licenses between different parties."