英文摘要 |
"Periphyllus koelreuteriae (Takahashi) was monoecious aphid, completes it's holocyclic life cycle on the host plant all year round. It has egg, fundatrix, aestivating form, normal form, oviparous female and male etc. different polymorphic forms of life cycle. Developmental time, survival rate and fecundity of polymorphic forms were studied from 5 ℃ to 30 ℃ at intervals of five degrees. The developmental time of juvenile stages of different polymorphic forms was shortened with increasing temperature. Result showed that the eggs could not hatched at 5℃ or above 25℃; survival range between 10 to 20℃, survival rate between 53.33 to 66.67%; and the fundatrix could not completed their development at 5 to 10℃ or above 25℃; survival range between 15 to 20℃, with the highest survival rate of 41.48% at 20℃. The surviving temperature for aestivating form was confined only from 20℃ to 25℃, with the highest survival rate of 33.33% at 25℃. The survival temperature of oviparous female and male ranged from 5℃ to 25℃, with the highest rate at 10℃ to 20℃ for the former and at 15℃ to 25℃ for the latter. The survival rate varied widely from 5℃ to 30℃ for the normal form, with the highest rate 100% at 15℃to 25℃. At 20℃, the longest hatching time of eggs required30 days; the fundatrix required 20.71 days to complete their development, while the aestivating form required 22.17 days; and the development time of juvenile stages of normal form, oviparous female and male required 12.90 to 14.07 days respectively, there was significantly different at 20℃. The longevity of different forms of adults ranged from 7.5 to 14.28 days at 20℃, and 4.14 to 9.60 days at 25℃ and the differences among the forms were not significant at either temperature. The adult longevity for the normal form was the longest, 19.78 days, at 5℃, much longer than those of the oviparous female (3 days) and male (2 days); at 10℃, the longevity of normal form and oviparous female was significantly longer than that of the male. At 15℃, the longevity of the normal form (27.34 days) and the fundatrix (18.80 days) were longer than that of the oviparous female (10.13 days) and the male. The adult fecundity was not significantly different form 5℃ to 15℃. However, the fecundity of the fundatrix (45.43 offspring/female) and normal form (35.07 offspring/female) was higher than that of the aestivating form (9.40 offspring/female) and the oviparous female (3.06 egg/female) at 20℃. At 25℃, both the normal form and aestivating form had the highest fecundity, 31.34 and 25.00 offspring/female, respectively." |