科學寫作活動的知識建構對國小學生自然科學習效果之影響

The Influence of the Knowledge Construct of Scientific Writing Activities on Elementary School Students' Natural Science Learning Effect

本研究目的有三：一、分析科學寫作活動中達到知識建構的內涵；二、探討科學寫作活動對學生自然科學習效果的影響；三、了解家長和國小學童對科學寫作活動的接受度。研究對象有二：一、選擇四年級兩班學生，一班35人為實驗組和另一班36人為控制組；二、另將實施科學寫作活動的三個班級之學生及家長共107人，施以科學寫作活動意見調查表，了解其對寫作的接受度。實驗處理對實驗組學生實施科學寫作活動，而控制組未接受，其統計方法使用單因子共變數分析，以檢視學習效果及家長和學生對寫作之接受度；並蒐集實驗組學生的科學寫作作品，作內容分析。本研究得到幾點結論：一、由學生的科學寫作作品中發現在知識建構的歷程中，學生能展現對新概念的理解、整合和擴展之特性與九年一貫自然與生活科技領域所要求的認知向度的基本能力；二、科學寫作活動能提昇學生自然科學學習的效果；三、家長與學生皆能肯定科學寫作活動的實施成效。根據上述研究結果提出討論，並據以提出建議，以作為下學期實施的修改依據，並提供自然科學教學者參考。

The purposes of this study were: 1. to analyze the contents of knowledge construct from scientific writing activities; 2. to explore the influence of scientific writing activities on natural science learning effect; 3. to understand the degree of acceptance of parents and students’ attitude to scientific writing activities.In the study， the subjects included: 1.Two classes of students were selected from fourth grade， one was the experimental group(35 students)， and the other was control group(36 students). The experimental group was administered scientific writing activities， and the control group was not. 2. Three classes of students(107 students) who participating the science writing activities and their parents were administered the questionnaire of science writing activities to understand the degree of acceptance to scientific writing activities. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANCOVA， and the researcher also analyzed the contents of students’ science writing products. The major findings were as follows：1. According to the students’ science writing products， we found that the students could understand， unify， and enhance the characteristics of new concept and performed the basic cognitive abilities to match the needs of nature and life science area during the process of knowledge constructing. 2. The science writing activities could promote the students’ natural science learning effect. 3. Most parents and students supported and accepted the science writing activities positively.The results were discussed and some suggestions for future studies were offered. The results could provide the teachers reference for the teaching work.