從「哈哈」到「啊哈」--統整知、情、意、行的幽默課程對創造力培養的影響

Evaluating the Influence of the ICEMB Training Curriculum(Integrating Cognition, Emotin, Motivation, and Behavior)on College Students' Sense of Humor and Creativity

本研究回顧過去文獻發現幽默感對個體心理健康、壓力調適及創造力激發皆有極大的助益，然而幽默課程無論是在國內或國外皆未有很好的成效，因此本研究整理國內外的幽默課程及教學設計，並在認知、情緒、動機及行為等四個層次上設定目標，以發展一套適用於大學生的幽默創意課程。接著檢驗此套課程對大學生幽默感及創造力提升的有效性。本研究設計20個單元共30個小時的幽默創意課程，並以20位大學生為授課對象（實驗組），另35位背景相似的大學生為控制組，進行實驗組/控制組前後測準實驗設計。結果發現，在「多成份幽默感量表」的得分上，實驗組在幽默理解、幽默創造、社交中的幽默、幽默因應、幽默態度及笑的傾向上皆顯著高於控制組。在「新編創造思考測驗」中的語文創造思考測驗得分上，實驗組在流暢力顯著高於控制組；在圖形創造思考測驗得分上，實驗組在流暢力、獨創力及精進力皆顯著高於控制組。此外，實驗組在回饋評量及訪談上皆表示此套課程在其幽默理解與欣賞、幽默情緒、幽默動機、幽默習慣及創造力培養上皆有相當程度的提升及改善。本研究證實此套課程能提升及改善大學生幽默感及創造力，亦說明幽默感是可以經由後天課程培育。

The purpose of this study included: (a) to collect and arrange the design of humor training curriculums， (b) to design a humor training curriculum， ICEMB， which Integrates components of Cognition， Emotion， Motivation， and Behavior in order to increase people’s creativity and sense of humor， and (c) to explore the effectiveness of ICEMB. ICEMB took 30 hours to finish the whole process of 20 units. This study was conducted with an experimental-control-group design. A total of 20 students from NTNU (National Taiwan Normal University) and Nation Taipei Teachers College participated in the experimental group and another 35 students from NTNU participated in the control group. The difference between each participant’s performances before and after ICEMB was the dependent variable. The participant’s performance consisted of componential performances which were measured by Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale， Creativity Assessment Packet， and New Creativity Test. The results were as follows: (a) on Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale， the experimental group was significantly better in humor understanding， humor creation， humor in social life， humor coping， humor attitude， laugh tendency than the control group， (b) on Creativity Assessment Packet， there was no difference between the experimental and control group， (c) on New Creativity Test， the experimental group was significantly better in language fluency， picture fluency， picture originality， and picture delicacy than the control group. In addition， the experimental group was told that this curriculum would help them to promote their understanding of humor， appreciation of humor， humor emotion， humor motivation， humor habit， and creativity development. Thus， it is evident that ICEMB can help people to improve their sense of humor and creativity.