幽默創造訓練之課程設計暨實徵效果評估

A Course Design for Creative Training of Humor and the Effects of an Empirically Evaluative Study

本研究目的在分析幽默創造技巧、設計幽默訓練課程，及進行課程之效果評估。在預備性研究部份，以陳學志、王強之、邱發忠、蕭韶華 (民88) 的分類為基礎，重新對網路上之3218則幽默刺激做分析。結果發現7類最常用之幽默創造規則，其分別為：「掌握諧音」、「語句的組合技巧」、「詞彙意義的多重性」、「語句意義的多重推論性」、「錯誤的推論」、「重新解釋」、「隱喻推論」技巧。在正式研究裡，以上述7類技巧及相關學習理論為基礎，設計幽默創造訓練課程；並以實驗組、控制組，前後測的研究設計，邀請政戰學校30位學生為參與者，檢驗此課程的有效性。研究結果為:1)經過訓練後，參與者在「幽默創造測驗」中使用幽默創造技巧的次數上，有大幅顯著的增加。2)經過技巧訓練後，雖然在限制參與者使用特定單項技巧的「幽默創造測驗」上，所顯現的幽默程度僅「語句的組合」技巧達到顯著提昇的效果；然而在不限定使用何種技巧的「整體延宕幽默創造測驗」中，實驗組之表現在幽默程度上有顯著的提昇。3)就7種技巧的效果比較而言，「掌握諧音」、「語句的組合」、「詞彙意義的多重性」、「語句意義的多重推論性」4項技巧的訓練效果是較佳的，其它的技巧則有改進的空間。

This study was to design a humor-creating training course and to explore its effectiveness. In the pilot study， 3218 jokes collected from Internet were reanalyzed by a framework proposed by Chen etc. (1999). Seven most often used humor-creating skills were found: homonym， word-combination， lexical ambiguity， syntactic ambiguity， erroneous inference， reinterpretation， and metaphorical inference. In the formal study， a humor-creating course was set up and 15 students from the Fu Hsing Kang College participated the experimental and control group respectively. Before and after the training course， all participants received a humor-creating test. The results suggested: (a) the frequency of using humor-creating skills was increased significantly in the tests; (b) when the skill is designated， the training effect was found only in word-combination skill condition. However， with no restriction， the experimental subjects scored higher on humor-creating test than the controls; (c) skills of homonym， word-combination， lexical ambiguity and syntactic ambiguity revealed better training effects as compared to others.