南宋古文評點選本《二十先生回瀾文鑑》考論

A Study on the Southern-Song Annotated Anthology Ershi Xiansheng Huilan Wenjian

《二十先生回瀾文鑑》是現存為數不多的南宋古文評點選本。本文針對南京圖書館藏宋刻本與寧波天一閣藏明鈔本進行版本調查，針對該書夾注、旁批、總評的體例，以及科舉參考書的性質作出了系統的考察。其次抉探選文與評點的特色，指出該書傾向於選錄理學家作品，反映出晚宋時期理學文化向古文選本及古文之學滲透的情勢；該書的評點特色表現為：標揭立意議論；注重揭示篇章結構與行文方法；重視造語設辭與譬喻修辭，體現出評點深入文本肌理的批評特質。最後論述文獻價值與文章學意義，指出該書保存了稀見宋人傳記信息與《全宋文》失收佚文；該書對於評點術語的流行與意義的凝定發揮了關鍵性的作用，在古文評點與文章學的發展脈絡中有著重要意義。

"Ershi Xiansheng Huilan Wenjian is one of the few extant Southern-Song annotated anthologies. Firstly, this paper investigates two editions in Nanjing Library and Tianyi Pavilion, and examines the annotations, commentaries (ping-dian), punctuation marks in the book, as well as the characteristics nature of the book as a reference book for the imperial examination. Secondly, this paper researches studies the characteristics of the selected works and commentaries of the book, and points out that this book tends to select works of the Southern-Song, especially the works written by Neo- Confucianism scholars, which reflects the situation that Neo-Confucianism culture had infiltrated into the selection of ancient works. The commentaries of the book are quite distinctive, mainly showing emphasis on the discussion of idea, emphasis on the text, structure and the method of writing, and emphasis on the use of words and the figure of speech. Thirdly, this paper discusses significance of the book. The book preserves precious biographical data and lost works of Song Dynasty prose writers. The commentaries of the book not only inherit the predecessors, but also have their own unique features, which has great significance in the development of the commentary on ancient prose and the prose theory. "