《尚書‧盤庚》上篇出土文獻新證析論

Analysis and Discussion of New Evidences Proved from Ancient History in the First Part of“Pan Geng of Shang Shu”

《尚書》內容詞句古奧，流傳又多遭劫難，歷代注解雖解決了不少疑難，但是仍有很多問題值得討論。近代「二重證據法」及「出土文獻新證」興起以後，為《尚書》校讀開闢了新的途徑，進而產生許多「新證」的研究成果。在過去對於「新證」的研究，多是概括性的討論，而缺少對其方法或結果的逐一分析。本文以〈盤庚上〉為例，針對以出土文獻校讀傳世典籍的研究中，分析前人利用出土文獻校讀《尚書》的相關成果，指出部分待商榷之處。其中在傳世、出土的比附上，缺乏相對應的關鍵，而造成論證效度受限。或是對於出土文獻理解有誤，進而對傳世文獻的理解有所歧異。

"Ancient research about “Shang Shu” (《尚書》, The Book of Historical Documents) is highly complex and esoteric in its content, and it has encountered many challenges in its spread. Although the annotations added in the past dynasties have solved many doubts, there are still many issues worthy of discussion. In modern times, due to the rise of “Method of Dual Evidence” and “New Evidences Proved from Ancient History”, a new approach to proofreading and correction of “Shang Shu” has been launched, and many “New Evidence” research results have been produced. In the past, the research on “New Evidence” was mostly a general discussion, mainly because of the lack of one-by-one analysis of the methods or results. This research takes “Pan Geng Shang” (〈盤庚上〉, Pan Geng First Part) as an example, aims at the research of unearthed documents from proofreading handed down classics, analyzes the related results of predecessors using unearthed documents to proofread “Shang Shu”, and then points out that some parts still need to be confirmed. Among them, in terms of the farfetched comparison between handed down and unearthed, there is a lack of key to each other, which leads to the limitation of the validity of the argument. There are also situations where the understanding of the unearthed documents is incorrect, so the interpretation of the handed down documents is different."