跨國網路民商紛爭之國際裁判管轄

International Jurisdiction to Adjudicate in Transnational Civil and Commercial Disputes on Internet

網際網路空間所生涉外民商紛爭涉訟於一國法院者，該國法院首須決定就該紛爭是否具有跨國網路民商事件國際裁判管轄權，但跨國網路民商事件國際裁判管轄權之決定，較一般涉外民商事件國際裁判管轄權之決定，更為複雜與困難，因傳統以住所、財產、行為等與某國法院管轄地域所具物理空間上之關聯作為國際裁判管轄之管轄基礎，將之運用於跨國網路民商事件即有所侷限與不足，除非形成一套新的、獨用於跨國網路民商事件國際裁判管轄之管轄基礎，否則於現時即須活用固有之國際裁判管轄基礎，對若干傳統管轄基礎賦予新意而運用於跨國網路民商事件，以因應層出不窮之跨國網路民商紛爭。美國法院處理跨國（州）網路民商紛爭有長足經驗，其判斷網路行為與法院地接觸之經驗，對於我國就跨國網路民商紛爭國際裁判管轄判斷訴訟標的與我國之牽連深具參考價值，其原理與精神可供我國法院於決定跨國網路民商紛爭國際裁判管轄權借鏡於活用我國固有之國際裁判管轄基礎。本文從我國固有之國際裁判管轄基礎運用於跨國網路民商紛爭出發，同時藉受美國法之經驗，並就美國法之經驗借鏡活用於跨國網路民商紛爭，加以分析與探討。

"The Internet not only causes the huge change of the way the humanity communicates, but also makes it difficult to assert the international jurisdiction by applying traditional jurisdictional rules in the Internet age. Most countries’ courts still pace heavily to decide the international jurisdiction in transnational civil and commercial disputes on internet by applying traditional jurisdictional rules. However, American Courts actually assert adjudicatory jurisdiction by applying traditional jurisdictional rules but being with the fresh idea to make these rules suitable for Internet. American Courts’ experiences in dealing with these issues of personal jurisdiction in Internet are leading. This article analyzes the traditional jurisdictional rules in the assertion of international jurisdiction over transnational civil and commercial disputes on internet, focuses on American Courts’ leading cases concerning adjudicatory jurisdiction in civil and commercial disputes on internet, and discusses how to learn from American Courts’ experiences in dealing with asserting adjudicatory jurisdiction in transnational civil and commercial disputes on internet."