數字經濟中的兩種財產權，從要素到架構

Two Types of Property Right in the Digital Economy From Digital Resources to Digital Architecture

要素財產權和架構財產權是整個數字經濟發展過程中出現的兩類財產權利。由於近年來數據被作為一種新型生產要素強調，當下研究者更加關注前者而忽略後者。有必要在理論和實踐維度證明，真正促進數字經濟發展的是依托數據的基礎設施功能而實現的架構財產權，該種財產權也是法律對互聯網新型生產方式作出的有效回應。由於兩類財產權在後果上都具有一定負外部性，有必要超越這一二分框架，進一步發揮數據基礎設施功能，將依托於不同數字平臺的架構及其市場連通起來，破除生產要素自由流動的障礙，使數字經濟參與者能夠在更大範圍內參與公平分配。

"Property right of digital resource and of digital architecture are two types of property right emerging from the digital economy development. Recently data has been regarded to be crucial as a new kind of productive resource, therefore more studies focus on the former rather than the latter. It is necessary to clarify in both theory and practice that it is the property right protecting architecture, which is based on infrastructural functions of data, that is able to improve the digital economy. Such right also reflects certain effective response of law to new mode of production of the Internet. Since both property rights have negative externality aftermath, it is necessary to go beyond the current framework, make good use of data infrastructural function so as to connect digital architectures and markets of various platforms, overcome the obstacles of free flow of productive resources, and enable participants of digital economy to engage in fair allocation in a broader sense."