教育部國民及學前教育署定位與決策之探析

"A Study on the Positioning and Decision-making of K-12 Education Administration, Ministry of Education"

教育部國民及學前教育署於2013年1月1日正式成立，迄今已達八年之久，擔負中小學與學前教育政策、制度之規劃、執行與督導及相關法規研修等責任。本文旨在探究與分析國民及學前教育署的定位與決策之重要內涵。從法律規範層面言之，國教署可定位在中小學及學前教育之政策規劃者、政策執行者、政策評估者和教育督導者角色，而在教育決策過程中，仍必須接受教育部次長的指揮，教育部本部權力並未真正下放，致使在教育政策決定權、人事任用權和經費使用權等皆受到限制，缺乏自我決定權限，難以展現出一個獨立機關的自主功能；此外，員額編制不足、人力工作負荷過重及人員分散兩地辦公，亦深深影響國教署組織運作之效能。未來宜就國教署的法制面和組織運作面重新檢討，且基於其組織定位，依法擁有更大的自我決策權，以利國教署有效運作，達成其組織發展之教育目標。

"The K-12 Education Administration, Ministry of Education was formally established on January 1, 2013. It has been eight years since it is responsible for formulating, implementing, and supervising educational policies and systems for senior high schools and below as well as for pre-school education. This paper aims to explore and analyze the important connotations of the positioning and decision-making of the K-12 Education Administration, Ministry of Education. In terms of legal norms, the agency can be positioned as the policy planner, implementer, evaluator, and education supervisor of senior high schools and below as well as for pre-school education. In the process of educational decision-making, it must still be approved by the minister and deputy minister authority. The centralization of power in the Ministry of Education results in restrictions on education policy decisions, personnel appointment rights, and the use of funds. The lack of self-determination authority makes it difficult to demonstrate the autonomous functions of an independent agency. In addition, the staffing is insufficient, human workload is too heavy and staff are scattered in two remote offices, which also deeply affects the effectiveness of the organization. In the future, it is advisable to re-examine the legal system and organizational operation of the agency, enabling its organizational positioning with greater power to make decisions in accordance with the law, so as to facilitate the effective operation of the K-12 Education Administration and achieves its educational goals for organizational development."