面向工業4.0的技職教育課程發展之道

The Way of Curriculum Development for Technological and Vocational Education When Facing Industry 4.0

工業4.0的科技與生產型態正影響產業及經濟的發展，教育的人才培育必須符應產業及經濟發展需要，此刻正面臨新的挑戰與改革。各國乃紛紛提出新的國家戰略及應變計畫，臺灣自須急起直追，方能迎頭趕上。技術職業教育（以下簡稱技職教育）培育約莫半壁江山人才，人才的有效應用將直接影響產業及經濟發展，而技職教育機制與課程的內涵卻是影響了人才培育的最大推力與最重要實質內涵。本文首先介紹美、德、日、韓四個國家因應工業4.0之道；復次說明工業4.0職場所需要能力，再簡述臺灣目前因應工業4.0之舉措及學校教育對工業4.0人才培育現況，亦舉美國科學教育培育K-12課程統整的例子做參考，並列舉有關課程統整之方法供應用；最後，提出臺灣技職教育課程發展之建議，以因應工業4.0所需人才之培育。

"The technologies and production patterns of Industry 4.0 are affecting the development of industries and economy. The cultivation of educational talents must meet the needs of industries and economic development due to this new challenges and reforms. Several Countries are performing new national strategies and contingency plans for dealing with it one after another. Taiwan must catch up in a hurry lest it should lag far behind this trend. Technological and vocational education cultivates almost half of the talents in economic development. The effective application of talents will directly affect the development of industries and economy, because the connotation of technological and vocational education mechanisms and curriculum are the biggest thrust and the most important substance for talent cultivation. This article first introduces the ways of major countries respond to Industry 4.0. Next, it describes the competencies required by Industry 4.0 in the workplace, and then briefly describes Taiwan’s current technological and vocational education approaches in respond to Industry 4.0 for the purpose of talent cultivation, with an example of the American K- 12 science education integration curriculum for reference. Several curriculum Integrated approaches are also introduced for future application. Finally, further suggestions of improving Taiwan’s technological and vocational education curriculum are proposed for catering to the cultivation of talents required by Industry 4.0."