真實性評量—看見每一個孩子，回應每一個孩子的評量

Authentic Assessment: Assessment that Sees and Responds to Every Individual Child

本文旨在說明真實性評量如何引領教學者看見每一位學習者的真實能力及需求，可成為教學者實施素養導向課程與評量、支持每一位學習者成就的一大助力。首先以美國政府在2000年後陸續推出的《No Child Left Behind Act》及《Every Student Succeeds Act》為例，說明政府的教育政策如何將學習的焦點擺回「關注及支持每一位學習者」上，以及真實性評量如何成為其助力。接著，本文呈現同樣的變革在國內幼兒教育課程及幼兒學習評量的發展，包括素養導向的幼兒園教保活動課程大綱的頒布及課程本位的真實性幼兒學習評量指標系統的建置。最後以幼兒學習指標評量系統及檔案評量在國內的實作歷程及結果呈現真實性評量在國內的應用效益，並據以提出國內幼兒園實施以幼兒園教保活動課程大綱為本位的幼兒學習表現評量之建議。期望透過本文能引起國人為「看見每一個孩子、支持每一個孩子的學習」共同努力。

"The main purpose of this article is twofold: Firstly, using “No Child Left Behind Act” (2002) and its successor “Every Student Succeeds Act” (2015) enacted in the United states as examples, this article illustrates how powerful national educational policies can influence the what and how of the curriculum and assessment. Dictated by the policies, educational practices shifted from evidenced-based standardized assessment to curriculum-based authentic assessment, and the focus of education was redirected to finding out and supporting each and every learner’s needs. Secondly, this article intends to demonstrate how curriculum-based and curriculum-embedded authentic assessment, such as performance assessment and portfolio assessment, can be implemented in local early childhood programs, using local field studies of portfolio assessment and “Early Leaning Performance Standards Assessment” as examples. The results of these studies show that curriculum-based and curriculum-embedded performance assessment was not only feasible in preschool settings in Taiwan, but also beneficial -- to children, practitioners, and parents. Suggestions regarding the implementation of authentic assessment in preschool settings are presented, hoping to enable preschool practitioners to see each and every child’s learning needs and to support his/her learning."