回到魯迅：盛可以《錦灰》、韓松《醫院》三部曲中的醫╱病與療救

"Back to Lu Xun: Medicine, Disease and Treatment in Sheng Keyi’s The Splendid Ashes and Han Song’s The Hospital Trilogy"

「揭出病苦，引起療救」是魯迅小說創作的重要理念，他尖銳的問題意識與批判、所開創的種種經典意象或主題，在當代語境中仍然有效，至今仍為中國當代作家所繼承或開展，形成一種不斷「回到魯迅」的現象。盛可以的《錦灰》（2018）虛構了一種疾病和一座城鎮，藉知識分子的疾病治療，以及小鎮深陷黃金夢終致荒廢如鬼域的故事，隱喻新中國的病態政治。科幻作家韓松的《醫院》三部曲（《醫院》[2016]、《驅魔》[2017]、《亡靈》[2018]）則運用大量的疾病話語與意象虛構了一個未來的「藥時代」和人人有疾、處處有病的宇宙，將他對現實中國的思考，拉高到宇宙的格局和視野，所形塑的病態宇宙，實際也是「病態中國」的顯影，體現了科幻現實主義的精神。身體即國體、宇宙體，兩人文字中飽滿的疾病隱喻與醫病論述，彷彿是要引起人們的病識感，尋求療救的可能。本文即從兩個面向進行討論：一是關乎國民性改造的「病態與療救」主題；二是魯迅「棄醫從文」的選擇所揭示的「醫學與文學」的關係，嘗試說明此二者延伸至當代語境，在盛可以和韓松筆下所呈現的意涵，並思考這一「回到魯迅」的現象所帶出的省思。

"“Revealing illness to give rise to treatment”is an important idea in Lu Xun’s fictional writing. Lu’s penetrating awareness of problems, his criticism, and his use of classical themes and imagery are applicable to contemporary contexts, and they have therefore been continued or expanded upon by contemporary writers. This situation has resulted in the appearance of“back to Lu Xun”stories. In The Splendid Ashes, Sheng Keyi盛可以fabricated a disease and a town, and used both the treatment of intellectuals and the ghost town where people were deeply involved in chasing the dream of finding gold as metaphors for the sick politics of the P.R.C. Similarly, in his The Hospital Trilogy (The Hospital [2016], The Exorcism [2017], and The Spirit of the Dead [2018]), the science fiction writer Han Song韓松used a large number of discourses on, and images of, disease to create a future“medicinal age”and a universe where everyone is sick and diseases are everywhere. Through The Hospital Trilogy, his thoughts about China were in reality upgraded to a universal scale and vision. The sick universe created in the novel was actually a developed image of a“sick China”that embodied the spirit of“realism in science fiction.”The human body symbolized the body of the nation and the universe. The rich disease metaphors and medical treatment discourses detailed in the text appear to have had the intention of providing people with insight into their illnesses, and they further explored the possibility of healing. This article discusses the above literature from two aspects: the theme of sickness and treating the national character; and the relationship between medicine and literature as revealed in Lu Xun’s choice to abandon medicine for literature. I explain the meaning of these two aspects in the writings of Sheng Keyi and Han Song as they were extended to their contemporary contexts in order to explicate the reflections brought about by the phenomenon of“back to Lu Xun.”"