論《世說新語》敘事文

On Narration in the Shishuo xinyu

本文將鎔鑄文學、歷史、思想意涵於一爐的《世說新語》視為敘事之作，從多重觀點切入，討論如何詮釋這部古典名著。第二節由句式和三十六門類體製辨認不同觀點在篇章的配置，以整合文本內部證據，亦有限度地採取外部的伴隨文本證據，作為詮釋依據。第三到六節從不同的角度細讀文本。第三節從人物發言慣用的套路觀察魏晉的思維定勢。第四節從記敘手法印證魏晉士人對自然的嚮往與情感寄託。第五節聚焦在魏晉門閥代表人物之一王徽之的言行，闡述他的生命歷程。第六節探討三十六門類的意義與價值觀。第七節提出文本詮釋模型。總之這部作品由敘事程式建置三種發言管道，傳達不同觀點下的態度與判斷；作者並沒有顯現自身價值取向，最後的詮釋開放給讀者自行權衡。

"In this article, I view the Shishuo xinyu世說新語as a narrative work that amalgamates literary, historical and intellectual meaning and discuss how to interpret the text from multiple perspectives. In the second section of the article, I identify the disposition of different viewpoints in the text from both sentence patterns and the system of thirty-six categories in order to integrate its internal evidence. At the same time, and to a limited extent, my analysis also uses external textual evidence as a basis for interpretation. Sections three to six read the work from different angles. The third section observes the mindset of the Wei and Jin from the patterns used by the characters in their speech. The fourth section confirms the WeiJin scholarsʼyearning for nature, and their desire to derive emotional sustenance from it, from the text’s narrative technique. The fifth section focuses on the words and deeds of Wang Huizhi王徽之, one of the representative figures of the WeiJin, and describes his personal life journey. The sixth section discusses the meaning and value of the system of thirty-six categories; and section seven proposes a model of textual interpretation. All in all, the Shishuo xinyu employs three speaking channels established by its narrative program to convey attitudes and judgments from different viewpoints; the author does not show his own value orientation, and the final interpretation is open to readers to weigh on their own."