各國對於跨境請領勞工保險給付規定之研究

Research on the Cross-border Claim Regulations for Labor Insurance Benefits in Various Countries

2020年底移工在台總數70萬9，123人，其中符合加勞保的產業移工有43萬9，375人，根據勞保局統計，2019年外籍被保險人（含外籍配偶、外籍移工與白領外國人）請領老年給付案件共有1，192件，其中一次金件數有977件，平均一件請領金額為11萬9，501元，年金件數有215件，平均請領金額15，102元，到了2020年，請領老年給付件數3，164件，其中一次金件數2，922件、平均請領金額為8萬882元，年金件數有242件，平均請領金額為15，011元。然而，海外移工或遺屬請領給付的困難如下：符合請領給付資格的移工或遺屬若在海外，請領給付時需要駐外單位的驗證，領取給付時，要負擔匯費和匯款手續費，也有匯率波動的風險；各國針對跨國勞工的跨境請領存在海外查證上的困難。

"At the end of 2020, there were a total of 709,123 migrant workers in Taiwan, of which 439,375 were industrial migrant workers eligible for labor insurance. According to the statistics of the Bureau of Labor Insurance, in 2019, foreign insured persons (including foreign spouses, foreign workers and white-collar foreigners) applied for old-age benefits in 1,192 cases, of which there were 977 cases of lump-sum payment, and the average amount was NT$ 119,501. The number of annuity claims is 215, and the average claim amount is NT$ 15,102. By 2020, the number of claims for old-age benefits is 3,164, of which the number of lump-sum payment is 2,922, the average claim amount is NT$ 80,882 The number of annuity claims is 242, and the average claim amount is NT$ 15,011. However, the difficulties of migrant workers or survivors in claiming benefits are as follows: If eligible migrant workers or survivors are overseas, they need to be verified by the overseas unit when claiming benefits. When receiving benefits, they have to bear the remittance and remittance fees, and also have the risk of exchange rate fluctuations; cross-border claims for transnational labor in various countries have difficulties in overseas verification. Taking the system of other countries as an example, Japanese national pension and welfare pension insurance, foreigners who are not expected to be able to cover up for 25 years, if they are covered for more than 6 months, they can apply for a lump-sum refund within 2 years after leaving Japan. If the foreign migrant workers are young when they leave Taiwan and the eligibility requirements for old-age benefits are still a long time away By referring to the Japanese system, if they promise not to work in my country again, and do not meet the requirements for old-age benefits before leaving Taiwan, foreign workers can apply for a lump-sum refund."