科技發展對不同性別人力運用之影響

The Impact of Technological Development on the Human Use of Different Genders

企業導入新興科技與應用改變既有的生產及服務流程，許多例行性的工作將面臨被自動化替代之風險，本文將透過企業訪談瞭解科技發展對於人力運用之改變，並透過企業問卷及勞工問卷瞭解企業面對科技導入對於男性及女性員工之進用、工作分配及升遷等是否有不同考量及影響。多數企業表示科技相關工作之安排以專業能力為主，不會以性別作為考量，但在勞工問卷調查中，有一成左右的勞工認為公司內部科技相關工作會先分給男性，勞工認為主要原因在於主管認為女性科技能力較弱的刻板印象及女性因為需照顧家庭而工作配合度較低。另一方面，新興科技的發展對於資訊科技人才的需求日益增加，但相關科系學習者仍以男性為主，雖然近年來有越多女性投入程式設計領域，但其成長速度遠不如企業之需求，使得科技相關部門及整體企業男性員工比例上升，擴大男女就業比例差距。

"When companies start using emerging technologies and applications to change existing production and service processes, many routine tasks will be at risk of being replaced. Because the investment cost is too large, the extent to which most SMEs introduce emerging technologies is not widespread. As technology matures and labor costs increase year by year, enterprise saving manpower through automation will be the future trend. Although most corporate executives say that science and technology-related work arrangements are based on professional competence and are not considered by gender. The labor force survey shows that about 10% of employees believe that company executives will distribute technology-related work to men first. Because women need to care for their families and the stereotype of women's weak scientific and technological ability, Female workers need to be more outstanding in order to be promoted. On the other hand, the development of emerging technologies is increasing the demand for information technology talents. However, the number of women in the field of programming technology is far less than the demand of enterprises. This has led to an increase in the proportion of male employees in the relevant departments of science and technology and all enterprises, which has also led to an increase in the employment gap between men and women. The government should provide vocational training in the application of technology equipment for workers who may be replaced by new technology. On the other hand, the following policy arrangements can be used to reduce gender differences in technology-related work. The government can encourage female students to participate in technology-related fields through rewards or special women's programs. The government can promote women's technology practitioners' models through speeches and seminars. In addition to providing model study and consultation for female students, these activities should allow male workers to understand that women can also be outstanding in the field of science and technology, and change the stereotypes that people have. The government should also encourage companies to promote gender-friendly work programs, regularly review internal gender ratios, and plan for long-distance work, flexible working hours, and gender-balanced programs."