從自主決定權試論病人拒絕醫療權暨善終權

Discussing the Patient’s Right to Refuse Medical Treatment and the Right to Death

醫師干預病人身體時，病人的同意已是牢不可破的規範要素，因而無庸置疑的是，自我決定生與死的權限已在憲法層次上被保障。然而，如同其他的基本人權，自主決定權並不是沒有限制的被保證，自主權以及生命權皆受憲法之保障，善終權在實踐人性尊嚴之時必然造成剝奪生命權之結果，致使兩者產生了價值上的衝突，此時應符合法律保留原則，因此我國有安寧緩和醫療條例及病人自主權利法的立法。但上述立法能否真正尊重生命，實踐人性尊嚴，並非無疑！

"When doctors intervene in the patient’s body, the patient’s consent is already an unbreakable normative element. Therefore, there is no doubt that the right to self-determine life and death has been guaranteed at the constitutional level. However, like other basic human rights, autonomy is not guaranteed without limitation. Autonomy and the right to life are guaranteed by the constitution. The right to death will inevitably result in the deprivation of the right to life when the dignity of human beings is practiced, resulting in both. In view of the conflict of values, the principle of legal reservation should be complied with at this time. Therefore, our country has legislation on tranquillity and relaxation of medical treatment regulations and the law on patients’autonomous rights. But whether the above-mentioned legislation can truly respect life and practice human dignity is not in doubt!"