論COVID-19下，國家疫苗之供給與接種順序之法律課題

On the Legal Issues of National Vaccine Supply and Vaccination Sequence Under COVID-19

國家擔負保障國民健康權之責任，為了避免傳染病擴散，國家必須施行預防接種政策，藉以促進全民健康，提升公共衛生。全球各國因為COVID-19（新冠肺炎）疫情的蔓延與擴張，造成了世界各國人民生命、身體、健康的傷害，以及經濟巨大的損失，臺灣從過去的防疫模範生，也產生了病毒在國內感染擴散的慘況，所幸臺灣目前控制得宜。面對COVID-19的疫情，國家基於憲法上的國家保護義務，國家是否能夠提供足夠的疫苗，如果沒有，人民是否可積極的進行請求給付？以現階段而言，國家似已經竭力地善盡了國家保護義務，當然可依據財政、經濟、社會、政治等狀況進行調整與強化。次者，疫苗施打順序只是一種客觀法規範，對於人民而言並不是一種主觀公權，人民對於接種順序本身尚無訴訟權。臺灣疫苗之採購，可操之在己者少，初期只能仰賴自國外購置，或者接受他國捐贈，抑或同時進行國產疫苗的研發。職是之故，政府應結合各方力量，以多元管道取得疫苗，共同護衛國人生命與健康。

"A country has the responsibility to protect the health right of its people. In order to prevent spread of infectious diseases, the country must implement vaccination policy to promote health of the whole people and improve the public health. Due to the spread and expansion of the COVID-19 epidemic in various countries around the world, the lives, health, and health of the people of the world have been injured, as well as huge economic losses. Taiwan’s past model of epidemic prevention has also produced a miserable situation of the spread of the virus in the country. Fortunately, Taiwan is currently well controlled.In the face of the COVID-19 epidemic, the country is based on its constitutional national protection obligation, Can the country provide enough vaccines? If not, can the people actively request payment? At this stage, the country seems to have done its best to fulfill its national protection obligations. Of course, it can be adjusted and strengthened based on financial, economic, social, and political conditions. Second, the order of vaccine administration is just an objective legal norm. It is not a subjective public right for the people. The people do not have the right to sue the order of vaccination itself.There are few people who can purchase vaccines in Taiwan. In the early stage, they can only rely on purchasing them from abroad, accepting donations from other countries, or conducting research and development of domestic vaccines at the same time. For this reason, the government should combine the forces of all parties to obtain vaccines through multiple channels to jointly protect the lives and health of the people of the country."