《世本》人物名字考論五則

The Discussion on Five Characters in“ShìBěn”by Their First Names & Courtesy Names

清人王引之《春秋名字解詁》以文字音、義訓詁分析《春秋》經傳人物名與字關聯，《世本》作為上古帝王乃至先秦諸侯、卿大夫世系家譜史料，亦為《春秋名字解詁》所採，其中有五位人物即取自《世本》。本文論《春秋名字解詁》所引《世本》五位人物為宋公子術字樂甫、宋華家字世子、宋孔金父字子木、陳公子楚字子宋、齊公子湫字子淵，論及名與字音義訓詁解析。經本文析論，知五人之名與字關係或為義近關係，如公子術與公子湫，華家、孔金父、公子楚三位則屬「義近聯想」。

"Wáng, Yǐn-zhī(1766-1834), the author of“Chūn QiūMíng ZìJiěGǔ”(The Explanations to the First Names & Courtesy Names in the Spring and Autumn Period) in Qīng dynasty. He classified the relationship between first names and courtesy names to characters by categorizing the pronunciations of Chinese characters, deciphering the meaning of ancient Chinese characters, analyzing the grammar and rhetoric in“Spring and Autumn Annals”.“ShìBěn”, as a historical source for the genealogy of ancient emperors and even vassals, qīngs and dà-fūs before Qín dynasty, was also a reference to“Chūn QiūMíng ZìJiěGǔ”. Five of the characters were taken from it. According to“Chūn QiūMíng ZìJiěGǔ”, this article discusses the first names and courtesy names of five characters in“ShìBěn”by categorizing the pronunciations, deciphering the meanings and analyzing the grammar and rhetoric. They are Gōng-zǐShù(the prince of Sòng State) whose courtesy name is“Yuè-fǔ”; HuáJiā’s (from Sòng State) is“Shì-zi”; Dà-fū(the senior official of Sòng State) Kǒng, Jīn-fù’s is“Zi-mù”; Gōng-zǐ(the prince of Chén State) Chǔ’s is“Zi-sòng”; and (the prince of QíState) Jiǎo’s is“Zi-yuān”. This article also analyzes synonymous relationship between first names and courtesy names of these five characters, such as Gōng-zǐShùand Gōng-zǐJiǎo; however, it is an association in similar meaning for example HuáJiā, Kǒng, Jīn-fù, and Gōng-zǐChǔ."