近代英國對華域外法體系研究

英帝國對在華英人的司法管轄表現為治外法權，其是對華域外法體系的載體。英國東亞域外法體系單方面在1833年於中國確立，1865年囊括日本、1884年納入朝鮮，徹底解體於1943年。該體系以英王樞密院令為基礎，由駐華監督、香港總督、香港最高法院、駐華領事、上海最高法院負責運轉。《1833年樞密院令》形成以英國駐香港最高法院、香港總督、領事法庭為主的對華域外法機制。《1865年樞密院令》確立以領事法庭、上海最高法院為中心的對華域外法體系。這一體系旨在保護英人，維護帝國統治、協調帝國間利益，但其邊界並不明確。雲南邊境與緬甸曼德勒、新疆喀什噶爾與英印法體系的聯繫，凸顯域外法和殖民法的跨域勾連，並在法律擬制的作用下，殖民地和半殖民地的管轄地位趨於等同，遮蔽帝國域內和域外的差異，維繫帝國區域秩序運轉，塑造區域、全球單邊帝國法律秩序。

Extraterritorial jurisdiction, facilitating British Empire to regulate British residents in China, forms the extraterritorial legal system for China, Britain's extraterritoriality in China was unilaterally established in 1833 , formally extened to Japan and Korea in 1865 and 1884 respectively, and completely collapsed in 1943. Such a system, based on Orders in Council, was operated by Superintendent of Trade, Governor of Hong Kong, Supreme Court of Hong Kong, consuls and Her Britannic Majesty's Supreme Court for China and Japan. The OIC 1833 formed an extraterritorial legal framework with the Supreme Court of Hong Kong, the Governor of Hong Kong, and the consuls in China as the main functionaries. The OIC 1865 officially established the extraterritorial legal system for China, which was operated by the Minister in China and Shanghai Supreme Court. This system aims to protect the British subjects, maintain imperial order, and coordinate different powers, but its boundary is ambiguous. The connection between Yunnan and Mandalay, and Kashgar and British Raj highlights the jurisdictional equation between colonial and extraterritorial jurisdictions generated by legal fiction. As a result, the regional and global legal empire was unilaterally established.