論個人資訊權益的構造

個人資訊權益的權益構造，包括內部構造和對外部其他主體相關權益的支配關係兩個部分，由個人資訊保護法治的價值取向所決定。個人資訊權益的內部構造由“本權權益”與保護“本權權益”的權利構成。個人資訊權益之“本權權益”主要包括人格尊嚴、人身財產安全以及通信自由和通信秘密等利益，但不包括財產利益；保護“本權權益”的權利主要包括同意（或拒絕）的權利以及知情、查閱、複製、轉移、更正、補充、刪除、請求解釋說明等權利。個人資訊權益對處理者和國家機關獲得的個人資訊資料同時具有外部約束力。處理者對合法處理所得的個人資訊資料享有財產利益，但該資料受到個人一定程度的支配，除非其已經過匿名化處理。國家機關獲得的個人資訊資料同樣受制於個人資訊權益，但是國家機關對個人資訊資料不享有財產利益，並且應當依法依規向社會積極開放其控制的資料資源，釋放政府資料紅利。

The structure of rights and interests relating to personal information, including the internal structure and the external dominance of the relevant rights and interests of other entities, is determined by the principle of rule-based protection of personal information. The internal structure of rights and interests relating to personal information consists of “fundamental rights and interests” and the right to protect “fundamental rights and interests”. The “fundamental rights and interests” of rights and interests relating to personal information mainly include the interests of personal dignity, personal and property security, and freedom and privacy of correspondence, but they do not include property interests; the rights to protect “fundamental rights and interests” mainly include the right to agree (or refuse) and the right to know, consult, duplicate, transfer, correct, supplement, delete, request interpretations, etc. Rights and interests relating to personal information also have external control over the personal information data obtained by processors and state agencies. Processors enjoy property interests in the personal information data obtained from legal processing, but they are subject to a certain degree of personal control, unless they have been anonymized. The personal information data obtained by state agencies is also the subject of rights and interests relating to personal information, but state agencies do not have property interests in personal information data, and should actively open the data resources under their control to the society in accordance with laws and regulations, and release government data dividends.