青春送葬者――陳柏言小說中的死亡書寫

Undertaker of Youth：Writings of Death in B.Y. Chen’s Novels

死亡是文學裡無法取代的主題，透過死我們得以理解生，進而探索生命的意義。本文以千禧後鄉土小說家陳柏言為研究對象，就其文本內含的死亡書寫作一分析，整理自2017年至今的三部短篇小說文本，探究其死亡書寫與時代的關聯以及表現的主題。首先，界定陳柏言死亡書寫範疇，再針對文本體察關於死亡的不同類型、不同表現技巧，最後，藉由心態分類整理出陳柏言的死亡書寫脈絡，釐清個人生死觀點。小說中面對死亡的態度大致分為焦慮、淡漠、輕蔑三類，面對死亡的心態皆與其死亡方式、死亡人物有對應關係，作家企圖透過三條路徑表現不同的死亡主張，描繪出獨到的死亡書寫地圖。陳柏言直率的陳述死亡，在書寫上刻意越過那些傷感和悲愴，直指死亡對生者帶來的影響。死亡書寫當然無法代表其小說全貌，卻是不可忽視的存在，死亡大多作為重要的情節鋪墊、或故事轉圜的契機，甚至在開端和結尾化身密語，等待讀者拆解。本文試圖跟隨陳柏言的腳步，藉由小說中的死亡書寫研究正面看待生死，更期待透過文本的爬梳照見當代青年的心靈，並萌生更多詮釋和理解的可能。

Unavoidably, death is a quintessential theme in literature since we come to realize life through death and further turn to probe the meaning of life. The author adopted Bo-yan Chen the postmillennial local novelist as the subject and conducted the content / textual analysis of writings of death in his novels. The analytics applied to the texts of three of his novels issued in 2017-and the diverged mindsets towards death served as the criterion of categorization. Try to investigate the relation between death writings and time. The author managed to organize the context of Chen’s writings of death and categorized the mindsets towards death as three groups of which each refers to and depicts personal thoughts that diverge. The three mindsets show a corresponding correlation to the way of death and who is the deceased. Chen the novelist managed to draw a unique writings of death map by diverged assertions of death via three paths / approaches. Chen’s honest narration of death is a deliberate attempt to showcase how the deceased impairs the bereaved without excessive writings of sorrows and sadness. Surely, writings of death fail to represent the novel in whole but are barely ignorable. Mostly, death is a hint to some vital plot to come or a turning point of the story. At times, death also turns to be a riddle to be solved by the readers in the prologue and at the epilogue. By following Chen’s footsteps to view life and death with a positive mindset through writings of death in the novels, the study hopefully unravels and unveils the mind of the contemporary youngsters and breeds the possibilities of interpretation and comprehension.