近代男性知識分子的性別論述與矛盾：以梁啟超五四前後的婦女與女權思想為例

Modern Male Intellectuals' Gender Discourse and Their Oxymorons: A Case of Liang Qichao's Ideas about Women and Women's Rights from the Late Qing Dynasty to the May Fourth Era

近代男性知識份子提倡婦女與女權論述，是近代中國不容忽視的重大變革。眾多研究著眼於做為政治、文化與思想領航者的梁啟超關注戒纏足、興女學等婦女議題，然其論述間的矛盾處，惜少見討論。本研究應用論述分析，分析梁啟超婦女與女權之思想啟蒙、演變與影響，嘗試探究其論述之矛盾處。本文提出梁啟超論述之矛盾處有三：婦女論述是「女權論」或「女論」，婦女應是「西婦」或「賢妻良母」以及男性是女權「提倡者」或「壓迫者」。此研究也期盼為近代性別論述與研究，提供更豐富風貌。

The discourse on women and women's rights that male intellectuals advocated is seen as a significant evolution in modern China. In contrast to much research focusing on Liang Qichao as a political, cultural and thinking pioneer who voiced his concerns on women's issues such as anti-footbinding and girls' education, what is less researched is the oxymorons of his ideas about women. Therefore, by using discourse analysis, this article attempts to examine the oxymorons of Liang Qichao's discourse on women and women's rights through an exploration of the origins, alterations and influence of his ideas. Three oxymorons of Liang Qichao's discourse that the women's discourse was the ism of women's rights or womanism, that women should became western-style women or good-wife-and virtuous-mothers and that male intellectuals were advocates or oppressors of women's rights have been suggested. Additionally, the research hopes to contribute toward the literature on gender studies.