歐陽脩〈峴山亭記〉意旨辨析──兼談唐宋時期的峴山書寫

Analyze the Main Idea of Ouyang Xiu's''Xianshan Ting Ji'': And Discuss the Writing of Xianshan in the Tang and Song Dynasties

本文著重辨析歐陽脩〈峴山亭記〉之意旨，並指陳唐宋時期峴山書寫的一個側面。蓋學者們或認為歐陽脩〈峴山亭記〉有貶斥羊祜、杜預、史炤之意，然細察上下文，參照其他資料，可判斷歐陽脩對三人應是稱美。羊祜、社預的好名，其實是「君子疾沒世而名不稱焉」的寫照。歐陽脩認為「名」的流傳雖不仰賴實體之「物」，然實體之「物」仍具功效，能使後人睹其跡想見其為人，而史炤能仰慕羊祜并承襲遺跡，其賢自可知。再者，峴山故事在唐代多側重在羊祜登高而悲前人的共感上，但到了宋代除延續唐代主題外，較具特色的是，峴山故事在宋人筆下常和地方官德政連結，推論此一轉變當和宋代士大夫階層崛起有關。

The purpose of this article is to analyze the intention of Ouyang Xiu's '' Xianshan Ting Ji '' and points out the one side of Xianshan's writing during the Tang and Song Dynasties. Some scholars may think Ouyang Xiu denigrated Yang Hu, Du Yu, and Shi Zhao. But we scrutinized the context and referred to other information, we can infer OuYang Xiu should in fact praise to them. Yang Hu and Du Yu like names was a kind of the self-expectation. Although the ''name'' does not depend on the physical ''thing'', the physical ''thing'' has its effect. It could make future generations see their ruins and think them. Actually, Shi Zhao admired Yang Hu, so he wanted to inherit the ruins. In addition, the story of Xianshan in the Tang Dynasty focused more Yang Hu mourning predecessors, but in the Song Dynasty focused more local governance. It is related to the rise of the bureaucrats in the Song Dynasty.