幼年時期父親自殺對子女的衝擊與悲傷調適歷程之敘說研究   全文下載

A Narrative Research on the Process of Grief Adjustment of Suicide Survivors Who Lost Fathers in Their Childhood

本研究旨在探討幼年時期經歷父親自殺的子女，對其造成的衝擊與悲傷調適歷程。本研究以敘說訪談法蒐集資料，採「類別―內容」方式進行資料分析。研究結果，歸納如下：一、自殺事件對遺族的衝擊與影響甚鉅，尤其對幼年的當事者而言，所造成的影響更久、更強烈。二、幼年時期遭遇父親自殺的子女，其悲傷調適歷程有三個主題，依序包括：（一）經驗傷痛：對父親自殺感到生氣、困惑。（二）隱藏傷痛：受到家人不願談論逝者的家庭氣氛影響甚大，使自殺者遺族無法公開表達對父親的悲傷感受，也難以走過傷慟。因擔心自己跟別人不太一樣，害怕別人會對自己和家人產生負面的看法，所以選擇緘默來保護自己與家人。（三）意義重建：受到時間的洗禮和自己的轉化，慢慢會從悲傷移轉開來，重新適應新環境、新生活，也變得更獨立自主，並願意嘗試新的活動以彌補過去的缺憾。依據上述研究結果，本研究針對社會服務、自殺者遺族及未來的研究方向提出具體的建議。

The purpose of this research was to explore the impacts of the suicidal events upon the narrators whose fathers committed suicide in their childhood and the process of adjustment to the grief caused by their fathers' death. Gathering the information from storytelling， the researcher applied the “category-content” approach of narrative inquiry to analyze and generalize the data. The results were as follows.First， the suicidal events affected the survivors strongly， and they made a longer and profounder impact on the survivors who lost fathers in their childhood. Second， the suicide survivors' process of grief adjustment was divided into three themes-experiencing grief， hiding grief and meaning reconstruction. Experiencing grief showed that the survivors got angry at their fathers' suicidal behavior. They got confused and did not understand why their fathers left them behind. Hiding grief represented that the survivors， influenced greatly by the family environment， would not like to talk about the dead at home. They could not express their sad feelings for the dead in public and could hardly get over their suffering. Moreover， the survivors were afraid that they might be different from others， and that they and their family might leave negative impressions on other people， so they chose to keep silent to protect themselves and their family. Meaning reconstruction indicated that the survivors， changing themselves and keeping away from grief after a period of time， adapted themselves again to the new surroundings and new life. They became more independent and had tried some new activities to make up for the loss and regret in the past.According to the study results， the researcher offered some concrete suggestions for social service， survivors of suicide and future studies.