論行政協議變更解除權的性質與類型

《最高人民法院關於審理行政協議案件若干問題的規定》明確了基於行政優益權的變更解除權，並以此為中心設置了相應的訴訟請求和判決類型。但行政優益權的規定在本身要件不明的同時，還缺少從協議性出發觀察變更解除類型的視角，此種規定方式不僅可能導致司法實踐中協議的自治性受到不當限制，也會形成公益保護的漏洞。欲矯正此一偏誤，須完整構建行政協議變更解除權體系，區分不同的類型和層次，適用相應法域的實體法與訴訟法規範。

In the ''Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Trial of Administrative Agreement Cases'', the Supreme Court clarifies the right to unilaterally change and terminate administrative agreements, which is based on the administrative privileges, and constructs corresponding claims and judicial judgments. However, the constitutive requirements of administrative privileges remain unclear and a consideration of agreement nature to observe the types of change and termination is absent. That may cause not only improper restrictions on agreement autonomy in judicial proceedings, but also loopholes in protecting public interests. To correct the deviation, the legislator needs to construct a comprehensive system of modification and rescission rights in administrative agreements, consisting of a clearer categorization of types and levels, to apply substantive and procedural rules of corresponding jurisdictions.