再思考建築遺產的保存（保護）與再利用：南京高球場的個案

Reconsidering Architectural Heritage Preservation and Reuse: The Case of the Nanjing Golf Course

南京市規劃局正在推動鍾山風景名勝區中的南京高球場遺址（原國民政府外交部郊球場，也是中國自建俱樂部的第一座高球場）的保存（保護）與再利用工作，2013年1月底南京市規劃局邀請兩岸的專業團隊進行比圖與專家評審會，作者用這個個案作為討論的對象。首先，經由近年國際學界對遺產保存（保護）領域中的現代主義理論取向的爭論，重新思考遺產保存（保護）與再利用的實踐經驗而重新發問，一則闡明遺產保存（保護）與再利用，兩者必須結合起來思考，二則重新發問，才得以此確立南京高球場遺址保存（保護）與修復的正當性。然後，整合兩岸專業團隊比圖與專家評審會對南京高球場遺址公園規劃設計方案之後的方案構想，說明遺產保存（保護）的具體內容與再利用的可能方式，以及將原有國民政府外交使節與政治菁英們的排除性都市休閒空間，轉化為提供更多社會群體可接近遺產與再使用遺產的包容性空間。之後，建議未來執行的方式，以參與式規劃與公聽會作為與南京市民溝通的方式，減低市民誤解，爭取市民支持，增加再利用計畫執行時的可行性，最後，回應本文的理論發問，作為再思考建築遺產的保存（保護）與再利用的結論。

The Planning Bureau is promoting the conservation and reuse of the historic site of the Golf Course in Nanjing, which is the first golf course club built by Chinese, and a competition held in January 2013 is the case study for this paper. At first, based on a debate on the heritage conservation of modernism, the rethinking of heritage conservation and reuse led to the following agreement: the heritage conservation and reuse must be dealt with together at the same time, thereby ensuring the legitimacy of the conservation and restoration of the Golf Course in Nanjing. Then, based on the ideas of planning projects taken from the competition for the Golf Course in Nanjing, the original excluded urban leisure space for ambassadors and political elites of the National Party Government will be transformed into an inclusive space for the accessibility of the reuse of the heritage for more social groups. After that, a participatory planning process and public hearing to provide more communications with Nanjing citizens are proposed for the implementation in future. Finally, to respond to the theoretical problems in the beginning, rethinking the conservation and reuse of architectural heritage is the focus of the paper’s conclusion.