以語料庫為本的「Xラカ」與「Xイ」之比較──以「高らか」和「高い」為例；Comparison of“X Raka”and“X I”in the corpus: Examples of“Takaraka”and“Takai”

コーパスにおける「Ｘラカ」と「Ⅹイ」の比較──「高らか」と「高い」を例とし

"本論文之目的乃是以日語「高らか」、「高ぃ」為例，探討日語同根且同漢字表記之「Xラカ」型形容動詞和「Xイ」型形容詞之用法和語意。「形容動詞」之存廢眾說紛紜。不論是日本語學研究或是日語教育學研究都是無法迴避的課題。本文首先鳥瞰形容動詞在日語中的位置以及同根形容動詞和形容詞之狀況，然後利用現代日語書寫平衡語料庫，以「高らか」、「高ぃ」為例考察其連體修飾用法和連用修飾的用法。其後，根據用法探索這兩語的語意結構。根據本研究之結果得知，和「高らか」相較之下，不論由用例數量或者其所修飾的名詞和動詞都可以看出，「高ぃ」比「高らか」活耀。就語意而言，「高らか」表示聲音及人類對於聲音評價之抽象概念和處於高度的狀態，「高ぃ」則是表達空間、事物之樣態、狀況及人類的五感、心理以及等含義，兼具具體概念和抽象概念。
This paper compares the usage and meaning of the“X Raka”type adjective verb and the“X I”type adjective in Japanese with the same root and the same Chinese character notation, using“Takaraka”and“Takai”as examples. The abolition of the term“adjectival verb”is controversial. But it is an unavoidable issue in both Japanese language research and Japanese language education research. In this paper, I considered the following: 1. Positioning of adjective verb in Japanese. 2. Cognate actual conditions of adjective verb and adjective with the same root. 3. Usage to modify nouns and usage to modify verbs of“Takaraka”and“Takai”. 4. Semantic structure of“Takaraka”and“Takai”.“Takai”is more active than“Takaraka”in terms of the number of nouns and verbs that each modifies, and the field. In terms of semantics,“Takaraka”expresses the abstract concept of sound and human evaluation of sound and the state of being in a high state.“Takai”expresses the space, the state and condition of things, and the five senses and psychology of human beings, which are both concrete and abstract concepts."

本論文之目的乃是以日語「高らか」、「高ぃ」為例，探討日語同根且同漢字表記之「Xラカ」型形容動詞和「Xイ」型形容詞之用法和語意。「形容動詞」之存廢眾說紛紜。不論是日本語學研究或是日語教育學研究都是無法迴避的課題。本文首先鳥瞰形容動詞在日語中的位置以及同根形容動詞和形容詞之狀況，然後利用現代日語書寫平衡語料庫，以「高らか」、「高ぃ」為例考察其連體修飾用法和連用修飾的用法。其後，根據用法探索這兩語的語意結構。根據本研究之結果得知，和「高らか」相較之下，不論由用例數量或者其所修飾的名詞和動詞都可以看出，「高ぃ」比「高らか」活耀。就語意而言，「高らか」表示聲音及人類對於聲音評價之抽象概念和處於高度的狀態，「高ぃ」則是表達空間、事物之樣態、狀況及人類的五感、心理以及等含義，兼具具體概念和抽象概念。
This paper compares the usage and meaning of the“X Raka”type adjective verb and the“X I”type adjective in Japanese with the same root and the same Chinese character notation, using“Takaraka”and“Takai”as examples. The abolition of the term“adjectival verb”is controversial. But it is an unavoidable issue in both Japanese language research and Japanese language education research. In this paper, I considered the following: 1. Positioning of adjective verb in Japanese. 2. Cognate actual conditions of adjective verb and adjective with the same root. 3. Usage to modify nouns and usage to modify verbs of“Takaraka”and“Takai”. 4. Semantic structure of“Takaraka”and“Takai”.“Takai”is more active than“Takaraka”in terms of the number of nouns and verbs that each modifies, and the field. In terms of semantics,“Takaraka”expresses the abstract concept of sound and human evaluation of sound and the state of being in a high state.“Takai”expresses the space, the state and condition of things, and the five senses and psychology of human beings, which are both concrete and abstract concepts.