以《銀河鐵道之夜》的基督教教徒的發言為中心──與《天路歷程》之比較研究

Conversation of Christian in Night of the Milky Way Railway: Compared with ''The Pilgrim Progress's Complete''

宮澤賢治的童話創作《銀河鐵道之夜》這部作品在長達十年的創作期間歷經四次的改稿，因此在分析各個創作階段的變更，特別是論証作中人物追求〈真正的幸福〉的設定時，筆者發現幾乎所有先行研究皆傾向於援用宮澤賢治本身的法華信仰做為前提。然而過於偏頗於作者的宗教信仰時，是否有忽略改稿過程中未被削除的部分，特別是與基督教相關描寫所隱含的作者創意由來的疑慮？因此，筆者留意到基督教文學中英國作家拜揚所創作的《天路歴程》這部著作。就本論文的考察結論而言：《銀河鐵道之夜》這部作品明顯地受到了《天路歴程》的影響。本論文的內容就《銀河鐵道之夜》的改稿部分，特別是針對初期形稿中基督教教徒的發言，如何成為最終形作品形態的改寫狀況，分析宮澤賢治如何在書寫上作推敲的痕跡。經由檢討兩部作品間的對照結果，筆者認為在既來詮釋作品中船難的青年和同行姐弟的人物設定的意義等觀點上提供了一個新的視點，並且在解讀作家的寫作方法上，提示了一個新的理解方式。

Because Miyazawa Kenji rewrote ”Night of the Milky Way Railway” four times within ten years, most of the early research concerning his work pays attention to the setting of the work, trying to define the hero's speculation about ultimate happiness by referring to the author's Nichiren religion. But when we turn out our attention to why he made the characters' of the shipwrecked young people as Christians in the first version, and why all the descriptions of Christianity still remained in the final edition, the approach mentioned above cannot provide a proper answer to interpret the writer's real intention.Therefore, concerning the conversations of Christian, I think it might be effective to compare the work with ”The Pilgrim's Progress's Complete” written by John Bunyan to get some answers. In this essay, I try to analyze the creating process of the beginning draft, especially focusing on the cristian's words to see how they were rewritten by Miyazawa Kenji. By examining all the correspondences between the two works, we not only establish a new reading which differs from precious interpretations of the shipwrecked young people, but also understand where the writer's idea and creative impulse came from.