多元台灣的譯／義──李潼《少年噶瑪蘭》之日譯本分析

Translation Multi-faced Taiwan: A Review Japanese Version of Li Tong's ''Kavalan Boy''

1992年出版的《少年噶瑪蘭》走李潼最著名暢銷的少年小說，在台灣與中國都曾獲獎。1998年，由中由美子翻譯為日文，是第一本翻譯成日文的台灣少年小說。作者透過本書，欲呈現台灣多語言多族群的發展歷程，而日文譯者也強調「讀完這個故事之後，將會看到不同面貌的台灣社會」。本文扣緊這個主題，探討日文譯本是否充分達成呈現台灣多語言多族群社會之目標。本文將從語言翻譯和文化翻譯等兩個層面探討《少年噶瑪蘭》日文譯本。李潼在《少年噶瑪蘭》刻意呈現台灣社會多語混用的情況，文本中出現的語言有北京語、噶瑪蘭語、閩南語，所呈現文化有漢文化，噶瑪蘭族文化、70年代後期之台灣大眾文化。在語言翻譯方面，譯者以片假名表現噶瑪蘭語，人名和地名則是漢字旁以片假名標示北京話發音，善用了日文語言有三種文字的特色，這樣的翻譯策略呈現了文本中的多語性，但譯本中閩南話與北京話的標記出現混用，以致古今場景的轉換未能呈現，有關漢文化、噶瑪蘭族文化、當代台灣大眾文化的翻譯也未達應有之效果，失去了作者刻意營造的歷史氛圍。本文除了分析譯本的問題點之外，也試圖提出解決這些翻譯問題的方案。

Published in 1992, ”Kavalan Boy” was the most popular novel Li Tong had ever written for youth. It received an award in both Taiwan and China. In the book, t he author intended to present a multi-level society with diversified languages and races in developing Taiwan. In 1998, this book was translated to Japanese by Naka Yumiko, never before had a Taiwanese youth novel been translated to Japanese. Naka Yumiko strongly emphasized that ”one would seen multi-faced Taiwan by reading the story.” Therefore, the following study was going to exam whether or not the Japanese version of ”Kavalan Boy” had fully reflected multi-languages with diverse races in Taiwan. This study not only analyzed some translation issues in the Japanese version, but also offered solutions to solve those problems.