臺灣人日語學習者之連体修飾結構的習得

A Study of the Acquisition of Noun-Modifying Constructions by Taiwanese Learners of Japanese

本論文以臺灣人日語學習者為對象，分析其1年內所寫的作文，從意義及構造兩方面考察作文中所出現的連體修飾節的發達過程。結果證明修飾節的習得隨著時間而進展，並且學習者使用最多的是意義及構造兩方面皆被認為是容易習得的項目。從「狀態性」的意義觀點分析學習者的連體修飾節，可以發現使用最多的是表示「屬性‧狀態」的修飾節，其次依序是「過去‧未來」「習慣」「進行」。本論文中，狀態性最低的「過去‧未來」的使用量居於第二位，因此先行研究所提出的，連體修飾節與形容詞修飾的習得之間有連續關係的課題，並無法獲得證明。另一方面，從被修飾名詞與連體修飾節的格關係之構造觀點分析學習者的連體修飾節，可以發現被修飾名詞容易形成連體修飾節的「主格」及「直接目的格」的使用量最多，其他種類的修飾節都出現得很少，無法看出共通的傾向。因此，日語的「格的順序」與連體修飾節的習得難易與否或許並沒有對應的關係存在。

This paper investigates the developmental process of Japanese noun-modifying clauses by Taiwanese Japanese learners focusing on semantic and structural aspects by using the composition material for one year as data. The acquisition of noun-modifying clauses is advanced as time went on and the items which have been thought to be easily acquired both on semantic and structural aspects were used mostly.Analyzing the relative clauses used by learners from the semantic aspect, it was clarified that the clauses which shows ”attribute, state” were mostly used, then were ”past, future, ”habit”, ”progress” in turn. It was not able to be proven that there is a continuum from adjectival modifiers to noun-modifying clauses in the developmental process of Japanese noun-modifying construction because ”past, future” which shows lowest ”attribute” had been used secondarily.On the other hand, analyzing the noun-modifying clauses used by learners from the structural aspect, it was clarified that ”subject” and ”direct object” were used mostly, which are easily to become modifying clauses for head nouns. The other kinds of modifying clauses seldom appeared and there was no common inclination. The result shows that the relation between ”case order” in Japanese and noun-modifying clauses may not be found.