論坂口䙥子小說理所描述的農業移住民的鄉愁──以〈黑土〉〈春秋〉〈曙光〉三部曲為主

The Homesickness of the Agricultural Immigrants in Sakaguchi Reiko's Works: ''Along the Black Earth'', ''the Spring and the Autumn'' and ''the Dawn''

〈黑土〉（《台灣新聞》1940‧11）、〈春秋〉（《台灣時報》1941‧4）以及〈曙光〉（《台灣文學》1943‧7）可說是坂口農業移民的三部作品。對土地執著的農業移民的姿態、以及懷念「內地」的移民的鄉愁，連貫此三部小說。依移民時期之不同，此三部小說對鄉愁之著墨亦有差異。〈黑土〉裡故鄉來的人與自故鄉寄來的土，喚起了難以說出口的鄉愁。而決心埋骨於臺灣的移民，將土混合在臺灣的田地上，希望移住地的土變成故鄉的土，讓子孫能永遠生存。〈春秋〉不似〈黑土〉般描述鄉愁，但藉著主人翁的母親說出精神無所依靠的悲傷，鄉愁無法從信仰中得到慰藉。〈曙光〉裡移民對故鄉的憧憬與感傷依舊存在。透過主人翁品子與修這兩位外來的闖入者，指出移民村的村民以扭曲的方式，來表達深藏內心的鄉愁。而對郷愁的解決之道便是切斷鄉愁，落地生根，將異鄉當做新的故鄉來經營。

In” The Black Earth”, ”The Spring and the Autumn” and ”The Dawn”, Sakaguchi mainly describes the agricultural immigrants' attachment to the earth and their nostalgia to the mother country. According to different immigration periods, t he portrayals on homesickness in these works are various. In ”The Black Earth”, t he people and the earth from their home country arouse the homesickness which had been expressed by the immigrants. Making up their minds to bury the bodies in Taiwan, the immigrants mix up the earth from the home country with that of Taiwan and hope that the earth of Taiwan can turn into the earth of home country in which their descendants can live forever. ”The Spring and The Autumn” is different from The Black Earth in describing nostalgia but indicating that the sadness and the religion can not cure the homesickness through the protagonist's mother. In ”The Dawn”, the immigrants' longing and homesickness toward the home country still exist. Through the two outsiders-Shinako and Osamu, The Dawn depicts how the immigrants in the immigrant community distortedly express their homesickness. The resolution to cure homesickness is cutting off their attachment to their home country and building up their own new home country in distant lands.