從九二一台灣大地震的報導看台灣相關新聞的報導基準變化──以《每日新聞》為例

Consensus Change of Taiwan-related News Articles Seen from Reports of the 921 Earthquake: A Case Study in Mainichi Shimbun

台日之間的關係可以從各式各樣的角度來加以考察。在本稿中為了釐清「在日的台灣」此一側面，將從日本媒體究竟是從何種基準來對台灣進行描繪或是記述進行探討。至1998年為止，除了《產經新聞》以外，日本的報紙都未在台灣設立報導的據點。也因此，台灣的報導都是，從中國觀點出發來進行的論述。然而，1996年的第一次直選總統以後，對於內部情勢急遽變化的台灣，日本媒體認為報導的必要性明顯增高。緊接著於1998年陸續在台灣可見到日本媒體所設立的台北支局。從那以後，因為常駐特派員的存在，在日本媒體中，一種台灣觀點可說慢慢的建立了起來。本稿是將日本媒體中所見的台灣報導基準，從這一連串的過程中進行考察。常駐特派員所發的特稿越顯重要當中，本稿的對象為，唯一堅持所有報導均需署名的《每日新聞》。針對只報導台灣內部訊息的新聞，從內容、數量的變化，來展開日本媒體對921大地震的台灣新聞報導處理考察。因為921大地震是發生於台北支局的設立之後，所以日本媒體可說是第一次真正的去實踐所謂的台灣觀點報導。在「兩國論」引起國際注目的同時，因為台灣大地震的發生，將日本媒體的報導重心在1998年台北支局設立後，正式並且明確的一口氣的拉近了台灣內部。可說也為2000年的第二次總統大選，確立了報導的基準。

The relation between Taiwan and Japan can be considered according to various angles. It seems that aspects of Taiwan in Japan can be clarified by considering what consensus is adopted when media of Japan describe Taiwan.Virtually no news press in Japan had the Taipei branch until 1998.Therefore reports from Taiwan had been written from the viewpoint of China, where they were resided. However, the necessity for reporting Taiwan where a rapid internal transformation was witnessed in an internal situation has risen since the presidential election in 1996. And many news agencies established their Taipei branch in 1998. The outlook on Taiwan is being formed because of the existence of the residing correspondent since then.This paper considers the consensus seen in the articles related to Taiwan in this perspective. The object of this research is Mainichi Shimbun, one most popular newspapers in Japan, which assures that all the articles must be undersigned under the situation the overseas correspondents are heavily concerned. This paper sets the articles on the 921 earthquake from the central concern and considers the change in the content and number of the reports from Taiwan. It can be said that Japanese media unexpectedly found the practice of a new way of reporting Taiwan by the occurence of the 921 earthquake shortly after the Taipei branch is established. It is thought that this event drew at ad ash the concern to what was happening inside Taiwan，an d the consensus of the Taiwan reports were established aiming at the presidential election in 2000, while Lee Tung-hui's ”Two states theory” in 1999 expands the ripple to the international society.