探討川端文學的「成長」──以《伊豆舞孃》與《雪鄉》為中心

Discussion on the theme of Initiation in ''The Izu Dancer'' and ''Snow Country'' by Yasunari Kawabata

川端康成的文學一向被視為走古典美學的再現，因而在川端文學的研究上，針對川端文學中的美意識、美的結構等的探討一直是個顯學。然而正因為如此，所以容易忽略掉與美學同時存在的「非情」的部分。本論文擬以同時呈現「美的世界」與「非情世界」的《伊豆舞孃》與《雪鄉》為探討對象，找出兩個世界同時存在的必然性與意義。在這其中發現兩者原來都與主人翁在追求人生成長的議題方面息息相關。「美的世界」的呈現走追求成長的重要途徑，而「非情」更是「成長」的重要內涵。研究方法為針對兩個著作做仔細的文本分析，並透過相互比較，確立二者之間的關係；接下來再以日本近代「異境文學」（「向う側の文学」）的概念來檢視川端這兩個作品的特質，由此闡明出主人翁「成長」的獨特性。

Yasunari Kawabata's works are considered representations of classic aesthetics; therefore, topics such as the theme of beauty and the aesthetic structure have been widely discussed and researched. Actually, it is why the unfeeling characteristics that have been juxtaposed with the aesthetic beauty are often easily overlooked. Both ”The Izu Dancer” and Snow Country present and depict ”the world of beauty” and ”the world of the unfeeling” and thus they are chosen to be the target texts and the subject of discussion in this paper which aims to explore the significance and necessity as to why the two worlds co-exist. During the process, I discover that they are closely related to issues about the main characters' pursuit of development in life. The world of beauty shows the important route to initiation and the world of the unfeeling is even the key element.My methodology is to have a detailed and careful textual analysis of the two texts. Through the comparison and contrast, the relation between the two is established. Then, I study these two works by Kawabata in the context of a modern concept in Japanese literature, ”向う側の文学” (literary works in which the characters are set in a place that put them away from the reality that they were in), to explain the uniqueness of the initiation of the protagonist.