美國退出伊朗核協議之法律與政治分析

The legal and political analyses on the U.S withdrawal of Iran nuclear deal

歐盟、中國、美國、英國、法國、俄國、德國與伊朗於2015年7月14日簽署之聯合全面行動計畫（簡稱伊朗核協議）乃伊朗核子議題之重要里程碑，然而在2018年5月8日美國總統川普宣佈退出該協議、並於同年8月6日重啟對伊朗之制裁後，美伊關係急速惡化、連帶劇烈影響中東之地緣政治發展。台灣對於伊朗核問題與中東局勢有著豐富的討論，但自國際法觀點出發者則相對少見，本文爰自該協議之性質與效力出發，探討美國之單方退出，以期共同參與此一重要之國際法議題。

The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (also known as Iran nuclear deal) signed by the EU, China, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Germany and Iran on July 14, 2015 is an important milestone in the Iranian nuclear issue. But after US President Trump announced withdrawal from the deal on May 8, 2018 and re-imposed sanctions against Iran on August 6, the relation between the United States and Iran deteriorated rapidly. The geopolitical development of the Middle East was also severely affected. Taiwan has comprehensive discussions on the Iranian nuclear issue and the situation in the Middle East, but rarely from the perspective of international law. This article starts from the nature and binding effect of the deal and discusses the unilateral withdrawal of the United States, and intends to contribute in this important debate on international law.