夷州是否為臺灣古地名再論──關於犬尾與犬毛

Reconsideration on Whether Yizhou is an Ancient Place Name of Taiwan--About Dog Tail and Dog Hairs

自日治時期開始，由市村瓚次郎提出沈瑩《臨海水土志》中的夷州，即為古代臺灣的論點，在中外學者經歷一個世紀的討論，學界至今仍無明確共識；隨著今日臺灣史前考古研究和對原住民族的文學、文化、歷史研究工作的進展，為這個上百年的討論，提供了更多且可靠的材料。本文針對《後漢書》與《太平御覽》中的《臨海水土志》文獻，對比臺灣考古資料與歷史文獻，企圖為夷州是否為臺灣古地名，找出一個全新的切入角度；其中，最關鍵的資料，來自於自臺灣史前便已有與原住民族先民們共同生活的犬隻，透過目前考古研究中犬隻遺骸的特徵，便可來檢視史前同的臺灣犬隻和《臨海水土志》中夷州犬隻的特徵是否相符；此外，對於犬毛運用於編織的民俗，也是本文討論夷州是否為臺灣古地名的重要佐證。

Since the Japanese Taiwan period, Zanjiro Ichimura proposed that Yi-zhou in Shen Ying’s Records of the Waters and Land of Linhai consider as ancient Taiwan. After a century of discussion by Western and Eastern scholars, it is still an unclear consensus. With the development of Prehistoric Archaeology to the literature, culture, and history of aboriginal people in Taiwan, reliable materials increasingly clear. Based on the Records of the Waters and Land of Linhai documents in the Book of the Later Han and Imperial Reader, this paper compares the archaeological data and historical documents to distinguish the relation between Yi-zhou and ancient Taiwan. The most critical information comes from the dogs that have lived with the aboriginal ancestors since prehistoric times in Taiwan. The characteristics of the dogs remain in the current archaeological research, and it can examine whether the characteristics of the prehistoric Taiwan dogs are consistent with those of the Yi-zhou dogs in Records of the Waters and Land of Linhai. Besides, dog hairs in weaving are also a shred of substantial evidence to discuss whether Yi-zhou is an ancient native of Taiwan.