基於KANO型的老年群體對於機構長居養老場景與候鳥式養老場景需求比對分析

A comparative analysis of the needs of the elderly in the institutional long-term residence and the ''migrants-style'' living environment: an application of the Kano model

養老產業與旅遊產業的融合方興未艾。本研究通過對''ERG''心理學理論的梳理，細分老年群體心理需求。使用KANO模型，探討在機構長居場景下與在候鳥式養老場景之下，老年群體的心理需求是否存在優先次序，以及在兩種不同場景之下，老年群體對服務項目的感知與心理需求是否會發生偏移，以此為旅遊產業與養老產業的融合鋪設理論基礎。其中，不論在何場景，全年齡段普遍性生理需求、尊重需求及安全需求均處於需要被優先滿足的地位。在候鳥式養老場景之下，安全、親情、交往需求下的全部題項的SI係數相較機構在地長居養老場景上升明顯，老年群體特有生理需求、親情需求、價值需求下的全部題項的DSI係數下降顯著。因此相關業者需要基於不同場景配置資源，以滿足老年群體需求。

Nowadays, the integration of pension industry and tourism industry is in the ascendant. This study analyzes diverse psychological needs of the elderly based on ''ERG'' psychological theory. It explores, in two different scenarios of long-term residence in the location of institution and ''migrants-style'' living environment, whether the psychological needs of the elderly will differ in priority and whether the perception and psychological needs of the elderly towards service items will deviate by applying KANO model, to lay a theoretical foundation for the integration of tourism industry and pension industry. Thereinto, regardless of the scenario, the physiological need, respect need and safety need take top priority at all age groups universally. Compared with the scenario of long-term residence in the location of institution, in the scenario of ''migrants-style'' living environment, the SI coefficient of all items of safety need, family affection need and communication need increase significantly, while the DSI coefficient of all items of the physiological need, family affection needs and value need specific to the elderly decrease significantly. Therefore, it is necessary for relevant workers to allocate resources based on different.