護理跨領域研究──能力與實踐

Cross-Disciplinary Research in Nursing: Competency and Practice

跨領域（cross-disciplinarity）是目前健康照護趨勢，對護理專業而言，隨著科技的進步、照護領域的拓展、健康問題的複雜化，護理研究開始強調跨領域研究，其企圖是將科技導入病人照護、拓展健康照護性研究範圍和提升照護品質。跨領域研究（cross-disciplinary research）一詞常用以代表多領域研究（multidisciplinary research）、界領域研究（interdisciplinary research）、跨科際研究（transdisciplinary research）之總稱；而多領域研究、界領域研究、跨科際研究在內涵、研究問題層次和互動程度上有所差異，必需加以區別。本文主旨為針對跨領域研究對護理專業之重要性、類型、性質作一說明與區別，闡述執行護理跨領域研究具備能力與培育，並藉由作者曾參與跨領域研究的執行經驗，提出反思和建議。跨領域護理研究發展具有階段性，其中跨領域研究中心設置和優秀的領導者是不可或缺的；跨領域護理充滿挑戰性與不確定性，研究者可根據問題的複雜性和共通性，選擇適當跨領域研究種類，且多方面拓展和嘗試與其他學科領域溝通互動，提升自己跨領域研究能力和機會。

Cross-disciplinarity is a current trend in healthcare. With the advancement of science and technology, the expansion of care fields, and the complexity of health problems, cross-disciplinary research has been increasingly emphasized in nursing studies in order to introduce technology into patient care, expand the scope of healthcare research, and improve quality of care. The term cross-disciplinary research typically covers multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary studies. Each of these types of studies differ in terms of connotation, level of research problem addressed, and degree of interaction involved. The main purpose of this article is to describe the significance of cross-disciplinary research in nursing and to distinguish the types and nature of cross-disciplinary studies. Furthermore, reflections and recommendations on cross-disciplinary nursing research are also proposed. The development of cross-disciplinary nursing research is phased in nature and requires the creation of a cross-disciplinary research center and excellent leadership. Conducting cross-disciplinary nursing research is challenging and affected by uncertainty. Researchers may select the type of cross-disciplinary research that best addresses the complexity and commonality of the research problem being addressed. In addition, researchers may expand, communicate, and interact with other disciplines to improve their interdisciplinary research capabilities and opportunities.