重症病人的灌食與營養

Enteral Feeding and Nutrition for Patients With Critical Illnesses

臨床上，重症病人因治療上的需要或無法主動維持適當營養攝取，常需使用到鼻胃管灌食法來補充其營養與熱量。鼻胃管灌食法主要分為連續式灌食法、循環式灌食法、間歇式灌食法與批式灌食法四種，不同方式各有其適合的使用時機與優缺點。本文藉由回顧重點相關文獻，用以強化臨床醫護人員對重症病人鼻胃管灌食與營養照護的正確概念，提升重症照護品質。

Patients with critical illnesses often require nasogastric tube feeding (NG feeding) to support their nutritional and caloric-intake needs because of therapeutic issues and an inability to self-maintain proper nutritional intake. The four primary NG feeding methods include continuous feeding, cyclic feeding, intermittent feeding, and bolus feeding. Each method is unique in terms of timing and relative advantages and disadvantages. In this article, the related literature is reviewed to strengthen the correct concepts of clinical medical staff with regard to NG feeding and nutritional care for patients with critical illnesses with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of care provided to this vulnerable patient population.