台灣衰弱症中醫證型分析

Analysis of Differences between Patients with Frailty and Tranditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes

前言：目前國內較少針對高齡衰弱族群的中醫研究。因此本團隊觀察社區衰弱高齡族群的過去病史、運動習慣、日常生活功能、生活品質與心理健康在中醫證型的表現。希望提供中醫同道在治療社區衰弱老年人時酌做參考。方法：本研究共招募84位65歲以上新北市社區衰弱老人，搜集參與者的過去病史、運動習慣、日常生活功能、生活品質、簡易老年憂鬱量表、身體組成分析以及老人中醫體質量表相關資料做進一步證型分析。結果：研究發現男性衰弱症患者若合併有高血壓或體重過重，可能明顯會有痰濕質中醫體質；女性衰弱症患者若合併有體重過重，可能明顯會有痰濕質或特稟質中醫體質；女性衰弱症患者若合併有每週運動小於150分鐘，可能明顯會有氣虛質，痰濕質或濕熱質中醫體質，其中濕熱質最明顯占100%。結論：雖然本研究收案數較少，且皆為新北市民眾，為本研究的侷限性，鑒於中醫古籍已對老年的生理、病理特點有詳細論述，配合本研究的初步結論，可為中醫在衰弱症未來的研究提供思路，也有助於中醫師於臨床預防及治療老年衰弱。

A total of 84 patients with frailty (average age: 77.1±9.08 years), 66 females (average age: 76.2±7.80 years) and 18 males (average age: 80.6±12.4 years), were collected in this study. After filling the questionnaires of the Tranditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) syndrome types scale, we used the statistical methods to know the correlation between frailty and TCM syndrome types. In this study, we know that the first four TCM syndrome types commonly seen in women with frailty are: Yin deficiency (66.7%), Yang deficiency (56.1%), Blood stasis (54.6%), Qi depression (48.5%). The first four TCM syndrome types commonly seen in patients with male frailty are: Phlegm-dampness (44.4%), Yin deficiency (33.3%), Yang deficiency (33.3%), and Blood stasis (33.3%). After the Chi-square test or Fisher-exact test (p<0.05) statistical analysis, we found that if male frailty patients have high blood pressure or are overweight, they may obviously have“phlegm-dampness”TCM syndrome type; we found that if female frailty patients are overweight, they may obviously have“phlegm-dampness”TCM syndrome type; if female frailty patients have exercise of less than 150 minutes a week, they may obviously have“Qi deficiency”,”Phlegm-dampness”or“Damp-heat”TCM syndrome types. Among them, the“Damp-heat”TCM syndrome type accounted for 100% most obviously. With this being a pioneer study, we were unable to obtain a large sample size, and we hope that future studies can obtain a larger sample size.