中高齡者及高齡者就業困境與因應策略之研究

A Study of Middle-aged and Elderly Employment Obstacles and Coping Strategies

我國政府為促進中高齡者就業，已於2019年通過《中高齡者及高齡者就業促進法》且自2020年12月4日起實施，期望建構友善就業環境並活化中高齡者及高齡者人力之運用。本研究主要是探討中高齡者及高齡者就業困境及其因應策略，係透過文獻分析及焦點座談法進行資料的蒐集與分析，針對中高齡者在勞動市場中所存在的困境進行檢視，並提出協助中高齡者重返職場的相關建議。研究發現包含：中高齡者及高齡者再就業的困境與優勢、瞭解供給端與需求端的需求、政府津貼補助與教育訓練、建立人力資源平台進行就業媒合、中高齡者及高齡者再就業的多元化工作模式、政府的角色與定位等六個面向。最後，本研究針對中高齡者及高齡者個人、企業組織與政府政策等層面提出相關建議。

To enhance the employment environment and to encourage the manpower utilization of the middle-aged and the elderly in Taiwan, the Middle-aged and Elderly Employment Promotion Act was enacted in 2019 and has been implemented since Dec. 4, 2020. The purpose of the study is to discover the employment difficulties and coping strategies of middle-aged and senior individuals. The methods of focused interview and literature review were adopted for data collection and analyzation. The study not only gathers and examines the difficulties in labor market in details, also provides the suggestions for supporting reemployment of the middle-aged. Findings are including difficulties and advantages of employment, demands for reemployment, financial subsidies and pre-employment training for competitiveness, talent service centers established for job matching services, and diversity and flexibility in working modes. Finally, the research puts forward the relevant suggestions for the middle-aged and the senior, enterprise employers, concerned government units, and future researchers.