整合創業思維於設計實作之教學實踐

Teaching Practice of Integrating Entrepreneurship with Design Practices

創業為辨別機會和獲取資源而進行創新的過程，本教學實踐研究目的在於提出實務導向課程來指導學生發展創業思維的設計實作，並將其應用於新產品開發流程。本研究採行動研究法，以十九位設計研究所學生為研究對象。課程以專題學習形式，統整設計及創業的知識與實作。學生透過執行新產品開發流程來學習將構想轉變成可經營的理念，過程包含三個主要階段：擬定設計主題與機會分析、構想發展與商業模式規劃、原型製作與概念驗證。本研究透過問卷調查和焦點團體訪談來了解學生的自我學習效能。結果顯示，本教學實踐有助於形塑設計系學生的創業素養，培養他們應用創業思維於新產品的開發流程。根據本教學實踐研究，本文提出討論與建議作為未在規劃課程設計與教學方法的參考。

Entrepreneurship involves opportunity recognition and resource acquisition that lead to innovation. This research proposed a practical-oriented course that aims to guide design students to develop entrepreneurship-based design practices and apply them in new-product development. This study adopted action research with 19 graduate students majoring in design as participants. The course offered experiential learning opportunities for synthesizing knowledge and practices of entrepreneurship and design in a project-based assignment. Students conducted a new-product development process to transform an idea into a business concept. The process consisted of three main stages: design brief and opportunity analysis, ideation and business modeling, and prototyping and validation. An online questionnaire and focus-group interviews were conducted to understand students' self-efficacy in learning at each stage. Results indicate that the pedagogical approach enables design students to develop competencies in entrepreneurship and promoted them in applying entrepreneurial concepts to new-product development. According to the teaching practice research, this paper provides conclusions and suggestions for future work on developing curricula and pedagogical approaches.