學校社工師在輔導團隊中處理霸凌事件之角色探究

Role of School Social Workers Working with School Bullying in the Guidance Team

近年來校園霸凌事件層出不窮，學校社工師被高度期待協助預防及降低霸凌事件，本研究目的即在探究「學校社工師在團隊合作處理霸凌事件中的角色及現況」，爰選取台北市與新北市6位學校社工師，透過質性研究深入了解社工師進入學校工作團隊處理霸凌事件中的角色及現況，並期望藉由本項研究，能提供學校社工師於未來處理霸凌事件時，具備多元思維及創意，俾利協助渠等順利融入學校團隊，有效建構友善校園。研究結果顯示，霸凌類型多樣化，難以客觀認定，加以學校對通報霸凌事件存有疑慮，現行運作又缺之檢核機制，致潛存霸凌黑數；另學校社工師在霸凌事件上可以扮演諮詢、直接服務者、倡議者、溝通協調者、資源整合者、監督者、補位者等角色。依本研究結果，據以提出研究建議：1.強化學校端與學校社工師間之團隊協調合作關係；2.精進提升學校社工師在處理霸凌事件之功能角色任務；3.強化學校社工師之專業訓練，嫻熟霸凌問題之解決方法；4.簡化通報流程；5.整合跨系統之服務；6.應用修復式正義之概念處理校園霸凌事件。

School bullying occurs frequently in recent years. School social workers are highly expected to prevent and reduce bullying. This study aims to answer three questions: (1) What are the role of school social workers when dealing with bullying cases? (2) What are the problems they face? (3) How do they build up teamwork when dealing with bullying cases? This study conducted a qualitative research by interviewing 6 school social workers in Taipei City and New Taipei City to answer the research questions. Hopefully, this study could provide school social workers with multiple ideas and creativity to deal with bullying, and help them integrate into school team so as to build a friendly campus. This study found that these social workers faced the following situation. First, it’s difficult to identify types of bullying. Second, most of schools have doubts about reporting bullying and there is no proactive investigation; therefore the real number of school bullying cases may be underestimated. Third, school social workers would play the roles of consultation, direct services, advocates, communication coordinators, resource integrators, supervisors, and placeholders. This study suggested that (1) Strengthen communication between school and social workers to build up teamwork; (2) Improve the functional roles and tasks of school social workers in dealing with bullying incidents; (3) Strengthen the professional skills to solve school bullying; (4) Simplify the reporting process; (5) Integrate cross-system services; (6) Apply the concept of restorative justice to deal with school bullying.