日印特別戰略夥伴關係：新形態的戰略合作關係

A Special Strategic Partnership between Japan and India: New Patterns of Strategic Cooperation

本文檢視2005年以降日印兩國建構在外交、經濟、與防衛等領域合作的制度化過程，是否意味著將邁向同盟關係發展。日印兩國與中共之間分別存在著領土主權爭議，再加上中共積極擴大在印太區域的軍事存在，平衡中共威脅成為日印發展戰略合作的重要動機。2014年9月，日印將兩國戰略合作關係提升為「特別戰略性全球夥伴關係」，勾勒出雙方戰略合作的路線圖，以共同發展印太區域的自由、開放、繁榮，以及確保印太海洋的交通線安全。不過，受限於國內共識與軍事實力不足，以及擔憂中共採取反制措施，短期內日印兩國不可能建構以中共為對象的同盟。

This article examines the institutionalized development of diplomatic, economic, and defense cooperation between Japan and India since 2005, and whether or not both countries will move toward an alliance. To clarify further, Japan and India have disputes over territorial sovereignty with China, and China has actively expanded its military presence in the Indo-Pacific region. Thus, balancing China’s threats has become an important motive for Japan- India to develop strategic cooperation. Since September 2014, Japan and India have promoted the strategic cooperative relationship between the two countries into a “special strategic global partnership,” in which it outlined a roadmap for the strategic cooperation between the two sides to jointly develop the freedom, openness, and prosperity of the Indo-Pacific region and to ensure the safety of the sea-lanes in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. However, due to the lack of domestic consensus and power projection, as well as concerns about China’s countermeasures, it is impossible for Japan and India to form an alliance targeting China now or in the near future.