耳鳴的評估與治療

Evaluation and Treatment of Tinnitus

耳鳴患者多數都有聽力損失，而聽力損失者中也有多數人有耳鳴，因耳鳴而困擾的人需要專業人員協助，根據系統性回顧文獻所建立的耳鳴專業指引有其根基，可做為臨床工作者的參考。耳鳴的評估因實施單位的目的而繁簡不同，耳鳴近幾年常被提到的治療方式（包括擴音、耳鳴再訓練治療法、聲音減敏法、聲音治療法、認知行為治療法、心智核心放鬆耳鳴法、諮商、耳鳴頻率凹谷消除治療法、其他方法等），以及這些方法是否有成效，都扼要敘述於文內。

Many tinnitus sufferers have hearing loss and many hearing-loss people have tinnitus. People who are bothered by tinnitus need professional’s assistance. Clinical practice guidelines for tinnitus, which are based upon systematic reviews, have a solid foundation and could serve as a guideline for clinical practitioners. How many tests and what tests should be involved in tinnitus evaluation are determined by their administrators according their purposes. In recent years, many different treatments have been applied to tinnitus patients, for example: amplification, Tinnitus Retraining Therapy, neuromonics, sound therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, Mindfulness-based tinnitus relief, counseling, notched noise therapy, and others. These methods and their effectiveness are briefly described in the text.