大專生乳類及相關製品攝取之知識、態度與行為相關研究

Research on the Related Knowledge of Dairy Products in Colleges and Universities

依國民健康署「2013－2016國民營養健康狀況變遷調查」，我國19～64歲成人每日平均乳品攝取不到1.5杯高達99.8％。本研究採用營養問卷調查，來探討大專院生對於攝取乳品類的相關營養知識，態度及其飲食行為（KAP）是否有差異。問卷採面對面進行發放，內容包含兩部份：分別評估「營養知識與態度」及「飲食行為」。研究對象為19～22歲長庚科技大學的學生，共計204位，依據年級、系別、男女比例進行分層隨機抽樣。分別為：護理系129名（24位男性，105位女性）、保健營養系與幼保系各30名（均為6位男性，24位女性）、妝品系15名（3位男性，12位女性）。「營養知識與態度」問卷研究結果顯示，204名學生中，營養知識與態度的分數為0～4分的1名（0.49％），5～8分的51名（25％），9～13分的152名（74.51％）。滿分13分者28名（13.7％），以保健營養系人數最多為15名，護理系10名、妝品系2名、幼保系1名。依照性別相比，女性滿分者（82.14％）較男性多（17.86％）；不論男女都以保健營養系為最多。依據性別相比：男性比女性略高；依據系別及性別相比：女性與男性都以保健營養系為最高。依據系別及年級相比：男性以保健營養系三年級和一年級為最高，女性則為保健營養系三年級為最高。若不區分性別，只比較系別：則保健營養系最高（12.17），依序為妝品系（10.27）、護理系（9.68）、幼保系（9.07）。「飲食行為」攝取習慣，以性別相比，男性（87.18％）比女性（81.21％）高。男女性每日乳品類攝取習慣人數也是護理系最高；各系別相之間互相比較，結果亦同。研究結果顯示，有修習過營養學課程大專生對於攝取乳品類的營養知識及態度有較正確的認知，但知識未必能反應在行為上。營養教育確實可以改變營養知識及態度，但要改善飲食行為，還需要更多的營養教育及宣導，做為後續的研究。

According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare ''2013-2016 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan, (NAHSIT)'', the average daily milk intake of 19-64-year-old adults in my country is less than 1.5 cups as high as 99.8%. This study used a nutritional questionnaire to investigate whether there are differences in the nutritional knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors (KAP) of the college students regarding the intake of dairy products. The questionnaire was distributed face-to-face and contained two parts: ''nutrition knowledge and attitude'' and ''dietary behavior''. The 204 students were 19-22 years old Chang Gung University of Science and Technology students, stratified random sampling based on grade, department, and male to female ratio. They are: 129 for Nursing department (24 men, 105 women), 30 for Health and Nutrition department and Childcare department (both 6 men, 24 women), 15 for Cosmetics department (3 men, 12 women). The 204 ''Nutrition Knowledge and Attitude'' questionnaire showed that: 1 with a score of 0 to 4 (0.49%), 51 (25%) with a score of 5 to 8 and 152 (74.51%) with 9 to 13 score. There were 28 (13.7%) with a full score, the maximum number of people in the Health and Nutrition department being 15, 10 in the Nursing department, 2 in the Cosmetics department, and 1 in the Childcare department. Comparing gender, females (82.14%) have more full scores than males (17.86%); regardless of gender, the Health and Nutrition department is the most. ''Nutrition Knowledge and Attitude'' scores are compared with gender: males are higher than women; comparing department and gender: both women and men of Health and Nutrition department have the highest. Comparing department and grade: the third grade and first grade of the Health and Nutrition department are the highest for men, and the third grade of the Health and Nutrition department is the highest for women. If gender is not distinguished, and only the department is compared: Health and Nutrition department is the highest (12.17). Compared with gender, ''dietary behavior'' is higher for men (87.18%) than for women (81.21%). The number of male and female daily dairy intake habits is also the highest in the nursing department. Comparing each department with each other, the results are the same. The results show that college students who have taken the nutrition course have a more correct understanding of the nutritional knowledge and attitudes about the intake of dairy products, but the knowledge may not be reflected in the behavior. Nutrition education can indeed change nutritional knowledge and attitudes, but to improve dietary behavior, more nutritional education and advocacy are needed as follow-up research.